Industry workers with hypertension and diabetes mellitus, the prevalence of self-reported adherence, and disease control

Abstract To evaluate the prevalence of self-reported drug adherence and factors associated, as well as clinical health outcomes, for industry workers with hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM). This was a cross-sectional study of 137 Brazilian industry workers with HTN and/ or DM. Self-reported adherence was assessed, and the disease control was defined through blood pressure and capillary glycemia values. Data were descriptively analyzed and the factors associated with adherence were evaluated using the Poisson model with robust variance to calculate prevalence ratios. The prevalence of self-reported drug adherence was 79.6% and the prevalence of disease control was 53.8%. There was no statistically significant association between the two variables. In the controlled disease group, non-adherence was associated with being under 40 years of age, not having a partner, and having a risky alcohol consumption habit. In the uncontrolled disease group, adherence was highest for participants aged 40 years and older. The prevalence of self-reported drug adherence was high, but the prevalence of disease control was low and not associated with adherence, indicating that the self-reported adherence measure may be inaccurate. Our findings identify some factors that explain non-adherent behavior in the workforce.

摘要 本研究旨在评估患有高血压（hypertension, HTN）与糖尿病（diabetes mellitus, DM）的产业工人的自我报告服药依从性及其相关影响因素，同时分析其临床健康结局。
本研究为横断面研究，共纳入137名巴西产业工人，其均患有高血压或（和）糖尿病。研究采用自我报告方式评估服药依从性，并以血压值与毛细血管血糖值判定疾病控制情况。对研究数据进行描述性分析，并采用稳健方差泊松模型计算患病率比，以分析与服药依从性相关的影响因素。
研究结果显示，自我报告服药依从率为79.6%，疾病控制率为53.8%，二者未呈现具有统计学意义的关联。在疾病控制组中，服药不依从与年龄低于40岁、无配偶以及存在危险饮酒习惯显著相关；在疾病未控制组中，40岁及以上参与者的服药依从率最高。
本研究中自我报告服药依从性比例较高，但疾病控制率较低，且疾病控制情况与服药依从性并无关联，提示自我报告的服药依从性评估手段可能存在偏差。本研究结果明确了若干可解释职场人群服药不依从行为的影响因素。