Tovomita cornuta (Clusiaceae): a new and threatened species from the Amazonian campinaranas revealed by ecological field research

ABSTRACT High species diversity, large area, and taxonomically under-studied groups are some of the explanations for the frequent discovery of new species of plants during ecological field campaigns in the Amazon region. Some of these new species are already being threatened from unplanned urban expansion associated with deforestation and habitat loss. Here we describe Tovomita cornuta, a new species discovered during ecological studies in the white-sand campinaranas of the Amazon, which is also threatened. The species is endemic to the state of Amazonas, Brazil, where it occurs in the understory of forested campinaranas physiognomies and is easily recognized by its narrowly obovoid fruits with dilated free styles. We provide a description, taxonomic and ecological comments, assessment of conservation status, geographic distribution, phenology, and illustrations for the new species.

摘要：物种多样性极高、分布区域广袤，加之类群分类学研究程度不足，是亚马逊地区生态野外考察中频繁发现植物新物种的重要缘由之一。其中部分新物种已因伴随森林砍伐与栖息地丧失的无序城市扩张，面临严峻的生存威胁。本研究记述了角状托沃木（Tovomita cornuta）——一种在亚马逊白砂卡皮纳拉（campinaranas）植被生态研究中发现的新物种，该物种同样受到生存威胁。该物种为巴西亚马逊州特有种，生长于森林化卡皮纳拉植被的林下生境，可通过其具膨大离生花柱的狭倒卵形果实轻易辨识。本研究为该新物种提供了形态描述、分类学与生态学评述、保护现状评估、地理分布、物候学信息及形态图解。