Monthly rainfall erosivity (R-factor) maps of Switzerland in MJ mm ha⁻¹ h⁻¹ month⁻¹, September

<p>Monthly rainfall erosivity maps (R-factor maps) of Switzerland with a spatial resolution of 100 m. The maps show the spatial and seasonal variability of rainfall erosivity in MJ mm ha⁻¹ h⁻¹ month⁻¹. Light shades of blue indicate a low erosive impact of rainfall and dark shades a high impact.</p> <p>The monthly R-factors are based on precipitation measurements from 87 automatic gauging stations with measurement intervals of 10 minutes (average measuring period of 19.5 years per station). The stations cover all agricultural zones in Switzerland. To exclude the influence of snow, temperatures are also recorded at an hourly resolution for 71 stations or are derived from the nearest station.</p> <p>A comparison of the 12 monthly R-factor maps shows that the summer months (June, July and August) have the highest rainfall erosivity values during the year. The Southern Alps (canton of Ticino), the mountain zones of the Northern Alps and parts of the valley zone have particularly high R-factors in this period. A proportion of 62% of Switzerland's annual rainfall erosivity is recorded between June and September. Identifying regions and periods in which rainfall with an increased erosive impact occurs enables targeted erosion control and a better understanding of the dynamics of erosion processes over the course of a year.</p> The development of monthly rainfall erosivity maps of Switzerland is described in detail in 'Regionalization of monthly rainfall erosivity patterns in Switzerland' by Schmidt et al. (Hydrology and Earth System Sciences: 20. 2016. pp. 4359–4373).本数据集包含空间分辨率为100米的瑞士月度降雨侵蚀力（rainfall erosivity）图（R因子图，R-factor），该类图以兆焦·毫米·公顷⁻¹·小时⁻¹·月⁻¹为单位，展示了降雨侵蚀力的空间与季节变异特征。其中浅蓝色代表降雨侵蚀力较弱，深蓝色则代表侵蚀力较强。 本次月度R因子数据基于87个自动雨量站的降水观测资料构建，各站观测间隔为10分钟，单站平均观测时长为19.5年。所有站点覆盖瑞士全境农业区域。为排除降雪对观测结果的干扰，71个站点同步记录了逐小时气温数据，其余站点的气温数据则由邻近站点插值获取。 对12张月度R因子图的对比分析表明，夏季（6月、7月、8月）的降雨侵蚀力为全年最高。南阿尔卑斯山地区（提契诺州）、北阿尔卑斯山的山地带以及部分河谷区域在该时段的R因子数值显著偏高。瑞士全年62%的降雨侵蚀力集中于6月至9月期间。明确降雨侵蚀力偏高的区域与时段，可为针对性水土流失防治提供科学依据，并有助于更深入理解全年侵蚀过程的动态变化规律。 瑞士月度降雨侵蚀力图的构建细节详见Schmidt等学者于《Hydrology and Earth System Sciences》2016年第20卷第4359–4373页发表的《瑞士月度降雨侵蚀力格局区域化》（Regionalization of monthly rainfall erosivity patterns in Switzerland）一文。