16S and ITS Amplicon Sequencing Fastq files and metadata from PARCHED Panama Tropical Forest soils, 2019-2020,

Model projections predict tropical forests will experience longer periods of drought and more intense precipitation cycles under a changing climate. Such transitions have implications for structure-function relationships within microbial communities. We examine how chronic drying might reshape prokaryotic and fungal communities across four lowland forests in Panama with a wide variation in mean annual precipitation and soil fertility. Four sites were established across a 1000 mm span in mean annual precipitation (2335 to 3300 mm). We expected microbial communities at sites with lower MAP to be less sensitive to chronic drying than sites with higher MAP; while fungal communities to be more resistant to disturbance than prokaryotes. At each location, partial throughfall exclusion structures were established over 10 x 10 m plots to reduce direct precipitation input. Raw demultiplexed sequences (bacteria, archaea, fungal) from soil samples taken from PARCHED Panama Tropical Forest throughfall exclusion experiments. Files that contain 16S are sequences from prokaryotes, ITS indicates sequences from fungi. Compressed fastq files are contained in Field_PARCHED_ITS_fastq_2020.zip, Field_PARCHED_ITS_fastq_2019.zip, Field_PARCHED_16S_fastq_2020.zip, Field_PARCHED_16S_fastq_2019.zip.There are four sites across the isthmus of Panama, each with 4 control and 4 exclusion plots. Throughfall exclusion shelters were built to intercept 50% of throughfall precipitation that hits the soil. Samples were taken on May 2019 and Jan 2020 from 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm depth approximately 9 and 18 months after shelter installation. Metadata and sample IDs for fastq files for 2019 sampling are within Field_PARCHED_Metadata_2019_ITS.csv and Field_PARCHED_Metadata_2019_16S.csv. The metadata for both 16S and ITS fastq files for January 2020 is included in Field_PARCHED_Metadata_2020.csv. No data processing or QA/QC was done on the raw data. Data processing example provided in R notebook file.

气候模型预测表明，在气候变化背景下，热带森林将面临更长时间的干旱期与更为剧烈的降水循环波动。这类气候转变将对微生物群落的结构-功能关联产生深远影响。本研究以巴拿马4处低地热带森林为研究对象，探究长期干旱胁迫如何重塑原核生物（prokaryote）群落与真菌（fungi）群落——这些样地的年平均降水量与土壤肥力存在显著差异。本次研究涵盖的4处样地，其年平均降水量跨度达1000毫米（2335 mm至3300 mm）。我们提出如下研究假设：年平均降水量（mean annual precipitation，下文简称MAP）更高的样地，其微生物群落对长期干旱胁迫的敏感性将高于低降水样地；同时真菌群落相较于原核生物群落，对干扰的抗性更强。在每处样地中，研究人员于10 m×10 m的样方上搭建了穿透雨截留装置，以减少该样方接收的直接降水量。本数据集包含来自巴拿马PARCHED热带森林穿透雨截留实验的土壤样本原始去复用测序序列（涵盖细菌、古菌与真菌）。包含16S序列的文件对应原核生物测序数据，含ITS序列的文件则对应真菌测序数据。压缩格式的fastq文件打包于以下压缩包中：Field_PARCHED_ITS_fastq_2020.zip、Field_PARCHED_ITS_fastq_2019.zip、Field_PARCHED_16S_fastq_2020.zip以及Field_PARCHED_16S_fastq_2019.zip。巴拿马地峡沿线共设置4处样地，每处样地包含4个对照样方与4个截留处理样方。该穿透雨截留棚的设计截留率为50%，即可阻挡到达土壤表面的50%穿透降雨量。研究分别于2019年5月与2020年1月进行土壤取样，取样深度为0~10 cm与10~20 cm，对应装置安装后的约9个月与18个月时间节点。2019年取样对应的fastq文件的元数据与样本ID信息，存储于Field_PARCHED_Metadata_2019_ITS.csv与Field_PARCHED_Metadata_2019_16S.csv文件中。2020年1月取样对应的16S与ITS序列fastq文件的元数据，均收录于Field_PARCHED_Metadata_2020.csv文件中。原始数据未经过任何数据处理与质量保证与质量控制（QA/QC）操作。R笔记本文档中提供了数据处理的示例流程。