Anxiety and depression: a study of psychoaffective, family-related, and daily-life factors in celiac individuals

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the prevalence of anxiety and depression and its association with psychoaffective, family-related, and daily-life variables of celiac individuals. Methods: Crosssectional study, developed with 83 celiac patients in Fortaleza. An instrument was applied with variables grouped in the categories: psychoaffective, family-related, and daily-life. Results: It was found that 52 celiac patients (62.7%) had anxiety and 29 (34.9%) had depression. The clinical conditions found and the number of symptoms increased the chance of anxiety/depression. The predominant factors in those with anxiety were Lack of control of the celiac disease (98.1%), Perceived clinical condition (75.0%), Daily obstacles for maintaining a gluten-free diet (63.4%), and Daily activities (55.8%). In those with depression, there was a higher prevalence of Lack of control of the celiac disease (100.0%), Perceived clinical condition (82.2%), and Daily obstacles for maintaining a gluten-free diet (69.0%). Conclusion: Celiac individuals with anxiety and depression frameworks presented a higher frequency of Perceived clinical condition, Insufficient social support (psychoaffective factors) and Daily obstacles for maintaining a gluten-free diet (daily-life factor).

摘要 研究目的：明确乳糜泻（celiac disease）患者的焦虑、抑郁患病率，以及该类病症与心理情感、家庭相关及日常生活相关变量的关联。研究方法：本研究为横断面研究（cross-sectional study），于福塔莱萨纳入83名乳糜泻患者开展调研。研究采用涵盖三类变量的评估工具，变量类别分为心理情感相关、家庭相关及日常生活相关维度。研究结果：本研究显示，52名乳糜泻患者（占比62.7%）存在焦虑症状，29名（占比34.9%）存在抑郁症状。患者的临床病情严重程度及症状数量，会提升其罹患焦虑/抑郁的风险。在焦虑症状患者中，占比居前的相关影响因素依次为：乳糜泻病情失控（98.1%）、自我感知临床状况（75.0%）、维持无麸质饮食（gluten-free diet）的日常障碍（63.4%），以及日常活动受影响（55.8%）。在抑郁症状患者中，占比较高的相关影响因素包括：乳糜泻病情失控（100.0%）、自我感知临床状况（82.2%），以及维持无麸质饮食的日常障碍（69.0%）。研究结论：伴有焦虑或抑郁症状的乳糜泻患者，其自我感知临床状况不佳、社会支持不足（心理情感因素）以及维持无麸质饮食的日常障碍（日常生活因素）的发生频率显著更高。