欧盟CDC：2016年3月欧洲流感病毒特征的总结
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Fromweek40/2015,thestartofweeklyreportingoninfluenzaactivityintheWHOEuropeanRegion,toweek13/2016,over120000influenzadetectionsacrosstheRegionhavebeenreported.InfluenzatypeAvirusesareprevailingovertypeBbut,unlikethesituationinthe2014–15season,A(H1N1)pdm09virusesareprevailingoverA(H3N2)andtheproportionofB/Victoria-lineagedetectionshasrisensubstantially,representing~94%ofthoseassignedtoalineage.Todate,24EU/EEAcountrieshaveshared472influenza-positivespecimenswiththeFrancisCrickInstitute,London,fordetailedcharacterisation:oneadditionalcountryand48specimenssincetheFebruary2016report.Sincethelatterreport,67viruseshavebeencharacterisedantigenicallyandgeneticanalysesareongoing.The35A(H1N1)pdm09virusescharacterisedantigenicallyweresimilartothevaccinevirusA/California/7/2009.Worldwide,newgeneticsub-clustersofviruseswithinthe6Bcladehaveemerged,withtwobeingdesignatedassubclades:6B.1definedbyHA1aminoacidsubstitutionsS162NandI216Tand6B.2definedbyHA1aminoacidsubstitutionsV152TandV173I.Ofthe178virusescharacterisedgeneticallyforthe2015–16season,24(13%)wereclade6B,147(83%)weresubclade6B.1andseven(4%)weresubclade6B.2.ThesixA(H3N2)testvirusescharacterisedbyhaemagglutinationinhibition(HI)assaywerepoorlyrecognisedbyreferenceantiserumraisedagainstegg-propagatedA/Switzerland/9715293/2013,thevaccinevirusrecommendedforuseinthe2015–16northernhemisphereinfluenzaseason,despiteatleastthreeofthetestvirusesfallinginthesamesubclade(3C.3a)asthevaccinevirus.Thetestviruseswererecognisedsomewhatbetterbyantiseraraisedagainstegg-propagatedA/HongKong/4801/2014,thevirusrecommendedforusein2016southernhemisphereand2016–17northernhemisphereinfluenzavaccines.Of55A(H3N2)virusescharacterisedgeneticallyforthe2015–16season:one(2%)wasclade3C.3,32(58%)weresubclade3C.2aand22(40%)weresubclade3C.3a.The23B/Victoria-lineageviruseswereantigenicallysimilartotissueculture-propagatedsurrogatesofB/Brisbane/60/2008.All56virusescharacterisedgeneticallyforthe2015–16seasonfellingeneticclade1Aasdorecentlycollectedvirusesworldwide.ThreeB/Yamagataviruseshavebeencharacterisedsincethepreviousreport;allreactedwellwithpost-infectionferretantiserumraisedagainstegg-propagatedB/Phuket/3073/2013,therecommendedvaccinevirusforthenorthernhemisphere2015–16influenzaseasonandforquadrivalentvaccinesinthe2016southernhemisphereand2016–17northernhemisphereseasons.All10virusescharacterisedgeneticallyforthe2015–16seasonfellingeneticclade3.
