Replacement of Conventional Vegetable Oil with Granulated Fats of Palm Oil (Prilled Fats and Calcium Soaps) in Broiler Chicken Diet: Performance and Carcass Traits

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the productive performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens fed diets containing prilled fats of palm oil (PFPO) or calcium soaps of palm oil (CaSPO) replacing vegetable oils (VO). A total of two hundred 1-day-old male Ross 308 chickens were allocated in a 2 × 2 randomized factorial design. Diets included 2 PFPO levels (0 and 50%) and 2 CaSPO levels (0 and 50%). The level was the percentage of substitution of VO by granulated fats. The study had two phases (starter and finisher), each lasting 21 days. In the starter phase, PFPO did not influence (main effects; p>0.05) feed intake and body weight gain, but improved (main effect; p=0.03) feed conversion. In the finisher phase and the total study, PFPO had no effect (p>0.05) on these productive variables. Throughout the study, CaSPO did not influence feed intake (main effect; p>0.50), but decreased weight gain and had a negative effect on feed conversion (main effects; p<0.05). There was no influence of fats (PFPO or CaSPO) on carcass yield, breast, drumsticks plus thighs, and wings (main effects; p>0.05). Chickens fed CaSPO had lower (main effect; p=0.02) carcass weight. The only PFPO × CaSPO interaction (p=0.04) was for back yield. Results showed that PFPO or CaSPO could be employed in formulating broiler chicken diets, as they are less expensive than conventional VO. Partial substitution of VO for PFPO had minimal effect on productive variables, although partial dietary inclusion of CaSPO might slightly reduce the production of broiler chickens.

摘要 本研究评估了饲喂添加棕榈油造粒脂肪（prilled fats of palm oil, PFPO）或棕榈油钙皂（calcium soaps of palm oil, CaSPO）以替代植物油（vegetable oils, VO）的日粮对肉用仔鸡生产性能与胴体品质的影响。本试验选取200只1日龄雄性Ross 308肉仔鸡，采用2×2完全随机因子试验设计进行分组。试验日粮设置2个PFPO添加水平（0%与50%）与2个CaSPO添加水平（0%与50%），添加水平以造粒脂肪替代植物油的百分比计。试验分为育雏期与育肥期两个阶段，每个阶段持续21天。育雏期，PFPO对肉仔鸡的采食量与体增重无显著影响（主效应；p>0.05），但可显著改善饲料转化率（主效应；p=0.03）。育肥期及全试验周期内，PFPO对上述生产性能指标均无显著影响（p>0.05）。整个试验周期内，CaSPO对肉仔鸡采食量无显著影响（主效应；p>0.50），但会降低体增重，并对饲料转化率产生负面影响（主效应；p<0.05）。两类脂肪（PFPO或CaSPO）对胴体产率、胸肉、鸡腿与大腿肉以及翅肉的产量均无显著影响（主效应；p>0.05）。饲喂CaSPO的肉仔鸡胴体重量显著更低（主效应；p=0.02）。仅在背部肉产率上存在PFPO与CaSPO的交互效应（p=0.04）。研究结果表明，PFPO与CaSPO均可用于肉仔鸡日粮配制，因其成本低于传统植物油。以PFPO部分替代植物油对生产性能指标的影响极小，而日粮中部分添加CaSPO则可能小幅降低肉仔鸡的生产性能。