青藏高原伴生植物基因组（2018年6月）

为了解析蔓菁如何、何时进入青藏高原，探讨蔓菁在青藏高原传播与驯化与早期人类活动的高原定居和古丝绸交流之间的关系，2018年6月，课题组利用三代基因组测序技术，对一个青藏高原的蔓菁自交F1代品种进行全基因组测序和De Novo组装，得到组装基因组大小为409.69 Mb，Contig N50为1.21 Mb。这一结果可为研究植物扩散与人类活动之间的关系提供遗传基础。高原各地的传统蔓菁品种是人类选择和基于区域气候环境自然选择的综合作用结果，因此这项研究有助于揭示人工驯化和人类选择对蔓菁的遗传分化的影响，以及蔓菁适应高原生态环境的适应性机制。

To resolve how and when turnip (Brassica rapa subsp. rapa) was introduced to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and explore the relationships among the spread and domestication of turnip on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, highland settlement activities of early humans, and ancient Silk Road exchanges, in June 2018, the research team performed whole-genome sequencing and de novo assembly on an inbred F1 cultivar of turnip from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau using third-generation genome sequencing technology. The resulting assembled genome had a total size of 409.69 Mb, with a Contig N50 of 1.21 Mb. These findings provide a critical genetic basis for studying the associations between plant dispersal and human activities. Traditional turnip cultivars across the plateau are the outcome of combined effects of both human selection and natural selection driven by regional climatic and environmental conditions. Therefore, this study helps reveal the impacts of artificial domestication and human selection on the genetic differentiation of turnip, as well as the adaptive mechanisms of turnip to the plateau's ecological environment.