Dry matter and macronutrient extraction curves of potato varieties in the Alto Paranaíba region, Brazil

ABSTRACT Information on plant nutrient extraction is of utmost importance for the management of fertilization in crops. The objective of the study was to determine the accumulation of dry matter mass in the tubers and aerial parts of the plants and to generate absorption curves of macronutrients N, P, K, Ca and Mg for the potato varieties Ágata, Asterix, Atlantic and Taurus. The shoot and tuber samples were collected at 6, 13, 54, 66, 70, 82 and 97 days after planting. The highest accumulation of dry matter was observed in the Asterix and Atlantic varieties. The varieties Asterix and Atlantic showed higher N and K extraction and, consequently, higher productivity, while Taurus and Ágata presented lower yields and nutrient extraction. The period of greatest demand for macronutrients for the varieties studied is during the tuber filling phase (40 days after plantation). The variation between potato varieties in macronutrient extraction indicates a need for differential management fertilization of the plants.

摘要：植物养分吸收相关信息对作物施肥管理至关重要。本研究旨在明确马铃薯块茎与地上部分的干物质积累量，并生成Ágata、Asterix、Atlantic、Taurus四个马铃薯品种大量元素（macronutrients）氮（N）、磷（P）、钾（K）、钙（Ca）与镁（Mg）的吸收曲线。研究分别于种植后6、13、54、66、70、82及97天采集地上部与块茎样品。结果显示，Asterix与Atlantic品种的干物质积累量最高。Asterix和Atlantic品种对氮、钾的吸收量更高，相应地产量也更高；而Taurus与Ágata的产量及养分吸收量均较低。供试品种对大量元素的最大需求期处于块茎膨大阶段（种植后40天）。不同马铃薯品种间大量元素吸收量存在差异，这表明需对植株实施差异化施肥管理。