Data from: Pharmacoeconomic study of anti-influenza virus drugs in Japan based on a network meta-analysis

Objectives: An analysis was conducted in Japan to determine the most
cost-effective neuraminidase inhibitor for the treatment of influenza
virus infections from the healthcare payer’s standpoint. Methods: This
study reanalyzed the findings of a previous study that had some
limitations (no probabilistic sensitivity analysis, quality of life scores
measured by the EQ-5D-3L instead of the EQ-5D-5L, and the use of a
decision tree model with only three health conditions) by using data from
a network meta-analysis study. A decision tree model with eight health
conditions was constructed, and costs were identified as medical costs and
drug prices (the 2020 version of the Japanese medical fee index). The
effectiveness outcomes were measured using EQ-5D-5L questionnaires for
adult patients who had previously experienced influenza virus infections.
The time horizon was 14 days. Both deterministic and probabilistic
sensitivity analyses were performed to examine the robustness of the
results. Results: The base-case cost-effectiveness analysis revealed that
oseltamivir outperformed laninamivir, zanamivir, and peramivir, making it
the most cost-effective neuraminidase inhibitor. The deterministic and
probabilistic sensitivity analyses showed robust results that validated
oseltamivir as the most cost-effective among the four neuraminidase
inhibitors. Conclusions: This study thus reconfirmed oseltamivir’s
position as the most cost-effective neuraminidase inhibitor for the
treatment of influenza virus infections in Japan from the standpoint of
healthcare payment. These findings can help decision-makers and healthcare
providers in Japan, including pharmacists, create and manage formularies.

研究目的：本研究立足日本医疗支付方视角，针对治疗流感病毒感染的最优效价比神经氨酸酶抑制剂（neuraminidase inhibitor）展开分析。研究方法：本研究利用某网络荟萃分析（network meta-analysis）研究的数据，对一项存在若干局限的既往研究结果进行再分析——该既往研究未开展概率敏感性分析、采用EQ-5D-3L量表评估生命质量评分而非EQ-5D-5L量表、仅设置3种健康状态的决策树模型（decision tree model）。本研究构建了包含8种健康状态的决策树模型，并将成本界定为医疗费用与药品价格（采用2020版日本医疗费用指数）。疗效结局指标采用EQ-5D-5L量表，针对既往罹患流感病毒感染的成年患者进行测评。研究时间跨度为14天。同时开展确定性敏感性分析（deterministic sensitivity analysis）与概率敏感性分析（probabilistic sensitivity analysis），以检验研究结果的稳健性。研究结果：基础案例成本效益分析显示，奥司他韦（oseltamivir）的表现优于拉尼米韦（laninamivir）、扎那米韦（zanamivir）与帕拉米韦（peramivir），是四种神经氨酸酶抑制剂中效价比最优的药物。确定性与概率敏感性分析结果均显示研究结果稳健，证实奥司他韦为四种神经氨酸酶抑制剂中效价比最高的药物。研究结论：本研究再次证实，立足日本医疗支付方视角，奥司他韦仍是治疗流感病毒感染的最优效价比神经氨酸酶抑制剂。本研究结果可为日本的决策者与医疗服务提供者（包括药师）制定与管理药品处方集提供参考。