Multinutritional blocks as a food strategy to optimize the use of concentrate for lactating goats

ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of multinutritional blocks (BMs) associated with the concentrate content in the diet of lactating goats and their effects on milk production and economic viability. Eight goats Parda Alpina, multiparas were distributed in two Latin squares (4x4). The experiment consisted of four treatments (0.971, 0.746, 0.521 and 0.296 kg concentrate day-1 per goat) and BMs ad libitum. It was evaluated the consumption, milk monitoring and the system was analyzed economically. If there was a significant effect of the concentrate, the control treatment was compared to the others using the Dunnett test and 5% regression analysis. When the concentrate contents were high in the diets, the total dry matter intake decreased linearly. However, there was an inverse behavior for the consumption of BMs. Milk production (PL kg day-1) was linear and positively related to the increase of concentrate levels in the diets. The PL was lower for the decreasing levels of concentrate when compared to the control diet. The economic parameters indicate that the use of low concentrate levels associated with BMs is the best feeding strategy for lactating goats. The multinutritional blocks can be used to feed lactating goats to partially replace the concentrate.

摘要。本研究旨在评估多营养块（multinutritional blocks，BMs）与精料（concentrate）配合饲喂泌乳山羊的应用效果，及其对泌乳性能与经济可行性的影响。试验选取8只经产阿尔卑斯棕（Parda Alpina）泌乳山羊，分为两个4×4拉丁方（Latin squares）试验组。试验共设置4个处理组，每只山羊每日精料饲喂量分别为0.971、0.746、0.521及0.296 kg，同时自由采食多营养块。本试验测定了采食量、泌乳情况，并对该饲喂系统进行了经济可行性分析。若精料水平存在显著影响，则采用Dunnett检验（Dunnett test）与5%回归分析，将对照组与其余处理组进行比较。当日粮精料水平较高时，总干物质采食量呈线性下降趋势，但多营养块的采食量则呈现相反的变化规律。泌乳量（PL，单位：kg·d⁻¹）与日粮精料水平提升呈线性正相关。相较于对照组日粮，精料水平降低时泌乳量也随之下降。经济参数结果表明，配合多营养块使用低水平精料饲喂泌乳山羊为最优饲喂策略。多营养块可用于泌乳山羊的饲喂，以部分替代精料。