Data from: Range expansion of the Asian native giant resin bee Megachile sculpturalis (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Megachilidae) in France

In 2008, a new species for the French bee fauna was recorded in Allauch near Marseille: the giant resin bee, Megachile sculpturalis (Smith, 1853). This was the first European record of this species that is native to East Asia. To our knowledge, it is the first introduced bee species in Europe. Here, we provide an overview of the current distribution of M. sculpturalis in France and we describe the history of its range expansion. Besides our own observations, information was compiled from literature and Internet websites, and by contacting naturalist networks. We collected a total of 117 records (locality × year combinations) for the 2008-2016 period. The geographical range of M. sculpturalis has extended remarkably, now occupying a third of continental France, with the most northern and western records located 335 and 520 km from Allauch respectively. Information on its phenology, feeding, and nesting behavior is also provided. We report several events of nest occupation or eviction of Osmia sp. and Xylocopa sp. individuals by M. sculpturalis. Our results show that M. sculpturalis is now well established in France. Given its capacity to adapt and rapidly expand its range, we recommend amplifying the monitoring of this species to better anticipate the changes in its geographical range and its potential impacts on native bees.

2008年，在马赛附近的阿洛（Allauch）记录到法国蜂类区系的新物种——巨型树脂蜂（Megachile sculpturalis，Smith, 1853）。该物种原产于东亚，这是该物种在欧洲的首次正式记录。据我们所知，它也是首个传入欧洲的外来蜂类物种。本文概述了M. sculpturalis目前在法国的分布情况，并梳理了其分布范围扩张的历史。除本团队的实地观测外，研究信息还通过文献检索、网络资料搜集以及联系博物学者网络的方式整合得到。本研究共收集了2008年至2016年间的117条有效记录（地点×年份组合）。目前，该蜂的地理分布范围已显著扩张，现已占据法国本土三分之一的区域，其最北和最西的观测点分别距离初始记录地阿洛335千米和520千米。本文还提供了该物种的物候特征、取食习性及筑巢行为的相关信息。我们记录到多起巨型树脂蜂占据或驱逐壁蜂属（Osmia sp.）和木蜂属（Xylocopa sp.）个体的事件。研究结果表明，巨型树脂蜂现已在法国成功定殖。鉴于其较强的环境适应能力与快速扩张分布范围的能力，我们建议加强对该物种的监测，以便更好地预判其地理分布变化及其对本土蜂类的潜在影响。