THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR ENSURING PUBLIC SAFETY IN THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA

This article provides a comprehensive comparative-legal and institutional analysis of the Republic of Korea's public safety system from the perspective of its organizational and legal features, functioning mechanisms, and the potential for adaptation of individual elements in the conditions of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The study aims to identify the key characteristics of South Korea's public safety model, which is based on a combination of centralized strategic management, a developed national and autonomous police system, digitalization of law enforcement activities, interagency coordination, and a preventive approach to risk management. The methodological basis of the study was made up of comparative legal, institutional, systemic, and functional analysis methods, as well as elements of content analysis of regulatory legal acts, scientific literature, and analytical materials. Within the framework of the study, the constitutional and legislative foundations for the functioning of the public safety system of the Republic of Korea were analyzed, including the activities of the National Police Agency, the autonomous police, the 112 emergency response system, anti-terrorist activities, and mechanisms for digital monitoring of social processes. Particular attention was paid to the distribution of powers between national and local police structures, the development of socially oriented police, the use of big data technologies, and the improvement of crisis response mechanisms. According to the research results, it was established that the South Korean model of public safety is distinguished by a high level of institutional coordination, a developed digital management system, the integration of preventive mechanisms, and a focus on police interaction with the population. At the same time, certain institutional problems have been identified related to the delimitation of powers between the national and autonomous police, as well as the need to improve mechanisms for legal accountability and interagency cooperation. Based on the conducted analysis, scientifically grounded proposals were formulated to improve the system of ensuring public safety in the Republic of Uzbekistan, including the development of digital monitoring mechanisms and early warning of threats, the improvement of the emergency response system, the introduction of community-oriented police elements, the development of interdepartmental coordination, and the formation of a balanced model of interaction between central and territorial law enforcement agencies.