Data from: Negative frequency-dependent selection of sexually antagonistic alleles in Myodes glareolus

Sexually antagonistic genetic variation, where optimal values of traits are sex-dependent, is known to slow the loss of genetic variance associated with directional selection on fitness-related traits. However, sexual antagonism alone is not sufficient to maintain variation indefinitely. Selection of rare forms within the sexes can help to conserve genotypic diversity. We combined theoretical models and a field experiment with Myodes glareolus to show that negative frequency-dependent selection on male dominance maintains variation in sexually antagonistic alleles. In our experiment, high-dominance male bank voles were found to have low-fecundity sisters, and vice versa. These results show that investigations of sexually antagonistic traits should take into account the effects of social interactions on the interplay between ecology and evolution, and that investigations of genetic variation should not be conducted solely under laboratory conditions.性拮抗遗传变异（sexually antagonistic genetic variation）指性状的最优表达值依性别而异，已知该类变异可减缓适合度相关性状经受定向选择时伴随的遗传方差丢失。然而，仅靠性拮抗作用无法永久维持遗传变异。对各性别内的稀有变异型进行选择，有助于保留基因型多样性。我们结合理论模型与针对棕背䶄（Myodes glareolus）的野外实验证实：针对雄性优势地位的负频率依赖选择，可维持性拮抗等位基因的遗传多态性。本实验观测到，高优势地位的雄性棕背䶄，其雌性同胞的繁殖力偏低；反之亦然。上述研究结果表明，针对性拮抗性状的探究，需纳入社会互动对生态学与进化过程相互作用的影响；而遗传变异相关研究亦不应仅局限于实验室条件下开展。