Great Barrier Reef (GBR) Features (Reef boundaries, QLD Mainland, Islands, Cays, Rocks and Dry Reefs) (GBRMPA)

This dataset contains coastal features within and adjacent to the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage area. This dataset consists of two shapefiles GBR_FEATURES.shp and GBR_DRY_REEF.shp. The GBR_FEATURES shapefile contains the following features:
* Queensland mainland coastline,
* Major and other coral reef structures (as defined by the reef shoal edge),
* Islands and rocks (exposed and submerged),
* Major coral cay features.
The GBR_DRY_REEFS contains major coral reef structures (as defined by the reef shoal edge) that are tidal, drying or emergent reef areas.

The reef features extend north above the GBRWHA to just within the Torres Strait region.

The features have not been statistically tested with precision survey techniques. Positional accuracy varies considerably and dataset should NOT be used for navigation purposes, however, for general use the coverage can be regarded as having a nominal scale of 1:250,000.

This dataset corresponds to the zoning within the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park effective 1st July 2004. It is derived from the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Zoning Plan 2003.

The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park is a multiple-use area. Zoning helps to manage and protect the values of the Marine Park that users enjoy. Zoning Plans define what activities occur in which locations both to protect the marine environment and to separate potentially conflicting activities. Revised zoning of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park was introduced in July 2004 as part of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority's Representative Areas Programme.

Between 1999 and 2004, the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority undertook a systematic planning and consultative program to develop new zoning for the Marine Park. The primary aim of the program was to better protect the range of biodiversity in the Great Barrier Reef, by increasing the extent of no-take areas (or highly protected areas, locally known as ‘Green Zones’), ensuring they included 'representative' examples of all different habitat types - hence the name, the Representative Areas Program or RAP. Whilst increasing the protection of biodiversity, a further aim was to maximise the benefits and minimise the negative impacts of the rezoning on the existing users of the Marine Park. Both these aims were achieved by a comprehensive program of scientific input, community involvement and innovation [1].

In each zones there are a range of activities that are allowed, disallowed or require a permit. The following outlines a summary of activities that are disallowed in each zone. Please refer to [2] for a more detailed and authoritative description of all restrictions within each zone:

* General Use Zone: General use, some activities require a permit.

* Habitat Protection Zone: No trawling, some activities require permits.

* Conservation Park Zone: No trawling, limited crabbing and line fishing.

* Buffer Zone: No aquaculture, bait netting, crabbing, harvesting fishing, collecting, spearfishing, line fishing, netting and trawling. Trolling for pelagic fish is allowed.

* Scientific Research Zone: Research areas primarily around scientific research facilities. Same as Buffer zone but with no trolling.

* Marine National Park Zone (Green): 'no-take' area. The following are allowed: boating, diving, photography and limited impact research. Some other activities are allowed with permits.

* Preservation Zone (Pink): 'no go' area. No activities are allowed except research activities with a permit.

Official maps derived from this dataset can be downloaded from the GBRMPA Zoning Maps [3] page.

This dataset can now be downloaded directly from GBRMPA's Geoportal.

Note: This metadata record was created for the eAtlas and is not authoritative. Please contact GBRMPA for more information.

GBR_FEATURES.shp:

Polygon Vector Shape file (5376 features)
GBR_ID: A number that is made up of a two-digit number representing the latitude band the feature is in (LAT_ID) and a three or four-digit number representing the sequential number of a particular feature complex (GROUP_ID), e.g. an island with an adjacent reef/cay/rock etc should have the same GROUP_ID (19-051)
SORT_GBR_I: A whole number for sorting (19051)
GBR_NAME: Great Barrier Reef MP Name (Five Trees Cay (No 1))
QLD_NAME: Queensland Name (Five Trees Cay (No 1))
FEATURE_C: a three-digit number representing the type of feature, e,g mainland, island, cay etc (102)
FEAT_NAME: Name of feature (Cay, Island, Mainland, Reef, Rock, Sand)
SUB_NO: a two-digit number that is linked to the SUB_ID of a feature. The SUB_ID is a letter that identifies multiple features of the same type in a group, e.g. multiple reefs surrounding an island are labelled a, b, c, d etc - these will be numbered 101, 102, 103, 104 etc. If the SUB_ID is "s", it refers to a single feature and will be given the number 100 (101)
LABEL_ID: GBR_ID plus SUB_ID if not an S (S is a singular feature and does not need a sub-id label) (19-051a)
X_COORD: Centroid of feature (in Geographics GDA94 decimal degrees) (150.221849)
Y_COORD: Centroid of feature (in Geographics GDA94 decimal degrees) (-22.227123)
CODE: GBR_ID plus SUB_NO plus FEATURE_CODE with hyphens (19-051-101-102)
UNIQUE_ID: GBR_ID plus SUB_NO plus FEATURE_CODE with no hyphens. This is to be used as the unique ID for the oracle database (19051102101)

GBR_DRY_REEFS.shp:

This shows areas of the reef that dry or the tops of the reefs.
Polygon Vector Shape file (2318 features)

本数据集包含大堡礁世界遗产地（Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area，GBRWHA）范围内及其毗邻区域的海岸特征。本数据集包含两个形状文件（Shapefile）：GBR_FEATURES.shp与GBR_DRY_REEF.shp。

GBR_FEATURES.shp包含以下特征：
• 昆士兰州大陆海岸线
• 大型及其他珊瑚礁构造（以礁滩边缘为界定标准）
• 岛屿与岩礁（包括裸露及淹没型）
• 大型珊瑚沙岛特征

GBR_DRY_REEFS.shp包含以礁滩边缘为界定标准的潮汐型、干出或出露型珊瑚礁构造区域。

上述礁体特征向北延伸至大堡礁世界遗产地以北，直至托雷斯海峡区域境内。

本数据集的特征未经过精密测量技术的统计检验，位置精度差异较大，不得用于导航用途；但就通用场景而言，其覆盖范围可视为符合1:250000的标称比例尺标准。

本数据集对应2004年7月1日起生效的大堡礁海洋公园区域区划，其数据源为《2003年大堡礁海洋公园区划方案》。

大堡礁海洋公园为多用途区域，区划工作旨在管理与保护公园内供公众享用的各类资源价值。区划方案明确了各区域允许开展的活动类型，既用于保护海洋环境，也可区分潜在冲突的人类活动。2004年7月推出的大堡礁海洋公园修订区划，是大堡礁海洋公园管理局（Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority，GBRMPA）代表性区域计划（Representative Areas Programme，RAP）的组成部分。

1999年至2004年间，大堡礁海洋公园管理局启动了系统性规划与咨询项目，为海洋公园制定全新区划方案。该项目的核心目标是通过扩大禁捕区域（或称高度保护区域，当地俗称“绿色区域（Green Zones）”）的范围，更好地保护大堡礁的生物多样性，确保禁捕区域涵盖所有不同生境类型的“代表性”样本——这也是“代表性区域计划（RAP）”名称的由来。在提升生物多样性保护水平的同时，项目的另一目标是最大化区划修订为公园现有使用者带来的益处，并尽可能降低其负面影响。上述两大目标均通过涵盖科学投入、公众参与与技术创新的综合性项目得以实现[1]。

各区域内存在允许开展、禁止开展或需申请许可方可开展的各类活动。以下为各区域禁止活动的概要说明，如需了解各区域所有限制规则的详细权威描述，请参阅文献[2]：
• 通用使用区域（General Use Zone）：可开展通用活动，部分活动需申请许可。
• 生境保护区域（Habitat Protection Zone）：禁止拖网作业，部分活动需申请许可。
• 保护公园区域（Conservation Park Zone）：禁止拖网作业，仅可开展有限的捕蟹与延绳钓活动。
• 缓冲区域（Buffer Zone）：禁止水产养殖、诱饵网捕、捕蟹、捕捞收获、标本采集、渔猎、延绳钓、张网作业及拖网作业；仅允许针对洄游性鱼类的曳钓活动。
• 科学研究区域（Scientific Research Zone）：主要围绕科研设施开展的研究区域，规则与缓冲区域一致，但禁止曳钓活动。
• 海洋国家公园区域（绿色区域，Marine National Park Zone (Green)）：“禁捕”区域，允许开展航行、潜水、摄影以及低影响科研活动，其他部分活动需申请许可方可开展。
• 保护区域（粉色区域，Preservation Zone (Pink)）：“禁入”区域，除持许可开展的科研活动外，禁止任何其他活动。

基于本数据集制作的官方地图可从GBRMPA区划地图[3]页面下载。

本数据集可直接通过GBRMPA的地理门户网站（Geoportal）下载。

备注：本元数据记录为电子地图集（eAtlas）制作，不具备权威性，如需获取更多信息，请联系大堡礁海洋公园管理局（GBRMPA）。

GBR_FEATURES.shp:
多边形矢量形状文件（Polygon Vector Shapefile），共包含5376个要素。
GBR_ID：由两部分组成的编号，其中两位数代表要素所在的纬度带（LAT_ID），三至四位数字代表特定要素复合体的序列号（GROUP_ID）。例如，一座附属有邻近礁体、沙岛或岩礁的岛屿应使用相同的GROUP_ID，示例格式为(19-051)。
SORT_GBR_I：用于排序的整数，示例值为(19051)。
GBR_NAME：大堡礁海洋公园官方名称，示例值为"Five Trees Cay (No 1)"（五棵树沙岛（1号））。
QLD_NAME：昆士兰州当地名称，示例值为"Five Trees Cay (No 1)"（五棵树沙岛（1号））。
FEATURE_C：代表要素类型的三位数字编码，例如大陆海岸线、岛屿、沙岛、礁体、岩礁、沙洲等，示例值为102。
FEAT_NAME：要素名称，可选值包括Cay（沙岛）、Island（岛屿）、Mainland（大陆）、Reef（礁体）、Rock（岩礁）、Sand（沙洲）。
SUB_NO：与要素SUB_ID关联的两位数字编码。SUB_ID为字母，用于标识同一复合体中同类型的多个要素，例如环绕一座岛屿的多座礁体可分别标记为a、b、c、d等，对应的SUB_NO依次为101、102、103、104等；若SUB_ID为"s"，则代表单个要素，其SUB_NO固定为100，示例值为101。
LABEL_ID：由GBR_ID与SUB_NO组成（若要素非单个类型"S"则需添加SUB_ID，单个要素无需子标识），示例格式为(19-051a)。
X_COORD：要素的质心坐标，采用地理坐标系GDA94（Geocentric Datum of Australia 1994）十进制度格式，示例值为(150.221849)。
Y_COORD：要素的质心坐标，采用地理坐标系GDA94十进制度格式，示例值为(-22.227123)。
CODE：由GBR_ID、SUB_NO与FEATURE_CODE以连字符连接组成的编码，示例格式为(19-051-101-102)。
UNIQUE_ID：由GBR_ID、SUB_NO与FEATURE_CODE无连字符连接组成的编码，可作为Oracle数据库的唯一标识符，示例值为(19051102101)。

GBR_DRY_REEFS.shp:
该文件展示了干出礁体区域或礁体顶部区域，为多边形矢量形状文件，共包含2318个要素。