METAPHORS ABOUT PUBLIC ACTIONS AND POLICIES AIMED AT THE HOMELESS POPULATION IN FOLHA DE S. PAULO: THE CASE OF REPRESENTATION OF ASSISTANCE

Abstract With theoretical support of critical discourse studies (VAN DIJK, 2009, FAIRCLOUGH, 2010, RESENDE, 2019) and the interdiscursive analysis of public policies (Resende, 2018, Fischer, 2016), in this paper I present results of a project that focused on representations in online journalism regarding public policies aimed at the homeless population. The research project “Representação de políticas públicas para população em situação de rua como gestão do território: metáforas espaciais na Folha de S. Paulo” (CAPES 88881.172032 / 2018-01) considered the main newspaper of the city of São Paulo, in its digital platform. In a corpus of 105 texts on public policies analyzed through a QDA software, the paper focus on metaphors about social services towards the homeless population. I take the categories of metaphors proposed by Charteris-Black (2004) as an epistemological key. The analyzes show texts that relate public policies to war, and consistently associate people in homelessness to danger. Metaphors also objectify people on homelessness, which is consistent with the representation of their forced displacements, or associate homeless people with dirt, consistent with the hygienist policies reported in the newspaper.摘要 本研究以批评话语研究（Critical Discourse Studies）（范戴克，2009；费尔克劳，2010；雷森德，2019）与公共政策互话语分析（雷森德，2018；费舍尔，2016）为理论支撑，呈现一项聚焦在线新闻中针对无家可归者群体的公共政策表征的研究项目成果。本研究项目"Representação de políticas públicas para população em situação de rua como gestão do território: metáforas espaciais na Folha de S. Paulo"（CAPES 88881.172032 / 2018-01）以圣保罗市主流报纸的数字平台为研究载体。本研究通过质性数据分析（Qualitative Data Analysis, QDA）软件，对105篇公共政策相关文本组成的语料库（corpus）展开分析，重点探讨面向无家可归者群体的社会服务相关隐喻。本研究以查特里斯-布莱克（2004）提出的隐喻范畴作为认识论分析框架。分析结果显示，部分文本将公共政策与战争相关联，且始终将无家可归者与危险挂钩。此类隐喻还会将无家可归者物化，这与文本中对其被迫流离失所状态的表征相契合；或是将无家可归者与肮脏形象绑定，这与报纸报道中提及的卫生主义政策（hygienist policies）相呼应。