The orchid-bee faunas (Hymenoptera: Apidae) of 'Parque Nacional do Monte Pascoal', 'Parque Nacional do Descobrimento' and three other Atlantic Forest remnants in southern Bahia, eastern Brazil

The orchid-bee faunas of ‘Parque Nacional do Monte Pascoal’, ‘Parque Nacional do Descobrimento’ and three other Atlantic Forest remnants ranging from 1 to 300 ha in southern Bahia, eastern Brazil, were surveyed. Baits with seventeen different scents were used to attract orchid-bee males. Four thousand seven hundred and sixty-four males belonging to 36 species were actively collected with insect nets during 300 hours from November, 2008 to November, 2009. Richness and diversity of orchid bees found in this study are the highest ever recorded in the Atlantic Forest domain. Eufriesea dentilabris (Mocsáry, 1897) and Eufriesea violacea (Blanchard, 1840) were collected at the ‘Parque Nacional do Monte Pascoal’, the first record of these species for the state of Bahia and the northernmost record for both species. Females Exaerete dentata (Linnaeus, 1758) were also collected at ‘Parque Nacional do Monte Pascoal’ and old records of Eufriesea aeneiventris (Mocsáry, 1896) in this area makes this site the richest and most diverse concerning its orchid-bee fauna in the entire Atlantic Forest and similar to areas in the Amazon Basin.

本研究针对巴西东部巴伊亚州南部的蒙特帕斯卡国家公园（Parque Nacional do Monte Pascoal）、发现国家公园（Parque Nacional do Descobrimento），以及另外3处面积介于1至300公顷的大西洋森林残存片段的兰蜂（orchid-bee）区系展开调查。研究使用17种不同气味的诱饵诱捕兰蜂雄性个体，在2008年11月至2009年11月的300小时采样期间，通过捕虫网共采集到隶属于36个物种的4764头雄性兰蜂个体。本研究记录到的兰蜂物种丰富度与多样性，为大西洋森林域内迄今已有记录中的最高水平。研究人员在蒙特帕斯卡国家公园采集到了齿唇兰蜂（Eufriesea dentilabris (Mocsáry, 1897)）与紫兰蜂（Eufriesea violacea (Blanchard, 1840)），这是巴伊亚州境内首次记录该两物种，同时也是这两个物种分布范围的最北记录。此外，研究人员还在该公园采集到了齿突兰蜂（Exaerete dentata (Linnaeus, 1758)）的雌性个体；结合该区域既往存在铜腹兰蜂（Eufriesea aeneiventris (Mocsáry, 1896)）的历史记录，使得该区域成为整个大西洋森林域内兰蜂区系最为丰富多样的区域，其区系多样性水平可与亚马孙盆地的同类区域相媲美。