Effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibition via BI 14332 to blood serum variables of clinical chemistry and insulin sensitivity of cows with subclinical ketosis (LSmeans ±SE).

aWith first occurrence of serum β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) concentration ≥ 1.2 mM cows were treated with BI 14332 (HC-BI) or stayed untreated as control group (HC-Con). BI 14332 was applied once a day over a period of 7 days (i.v., 0.3 mg/kg body weight). Subclinical ketosis was diagnosed on day +3 (1 cow), day +7 (8 cows) or on day +10 (3 cows) after calving.
bThe day of classification (mean ± SD), which was the day with first occurrence of BHB values ≥ 1.2 mM were set as covariate, integrated in the MIXED procedure of SAS [24] with group and time as fixed factors (P ≤0.05; Tukey test). Significant values are shown in bold.
NEFA, non-esterified fatty acids; RQUICKI, revised quick insulin sensitivity index; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; γ-GT, γ-glutamyltransferase; GLDH, glutamate dehydrogenase
Effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibition via BI 14332 to blood serum variables of clinical chemistry and insulin sensitivity of cows with subclinical ketosis (LSmeans ±SE).