Nasal mites (Mesostigmata, Rhinonyssidae) in Sternidae (Aves: Charadriiformes) on the southern Coast of Brazil

Abstract Six species of birds of the family Sternidae are often found on the southern coast of South America. Sterna trudeaui, S. hirundinacea, Thalasseus maximus, T. acuflavidus and Sternula superciliaris are South American residents and Sterna hirundo, a Nearctic migrant. At least 500 species of nasal mites have been described around the world, and Rhinonyssidae is the most diverse family. These mites are bloodsucking endoparasites that inhabit the respiratory system of birds. This study aimed to report on occurrences of nasal mites in Sternidae on the southern coast of Brazil. Of the 106 birds analyzed, 8.5% (9 birds) were parasitized by nasal mites. This report provides the first record in the Neotropical region for two mite species, Sternostoma boydi and Larinyssus orbicularis parasitizing Thalasseus acuflavidus and Sternula superciliaris. No nasal mites were found in Sterna trudeaui or Thalasseus maximus. One host individual (T. acuflavidus) was parasitized by two species of nasal mites, S. boydi and L. orbicularis.

摘要：燕鸥科（Sternidae）的6个物种常栖息于南美南部沿海地带。其中Sterna trudeaui、S. hirundinacea、Thalasseus maximus、T. acuflavidus及Sternula superciliaris为南美留鸟，而Sterna hirundo则属于新北区（Nearctic）迁徙鸟类。全球范围内已记述的鼻螨物种至少有500种，鼻螨科（Rhinonyssidae）是多样性最高的类群。这类螨类为吸血性内寄生虫，寄生于鸟类的呼吸系统内。本研究旨在记录巴西南部沿海燕鸥科鸟类的鼻螨寄生情况。本次共分析106只受试鸟类，其中8.5%（9只）感染鼻螨。本报告首次在新热带区（Neotropical）记录到两种鼻螨：Sternostoma boydi与Larinyssus orbicularis分别寄生于Thalasseus acuflavidus和Sternula superciliaris。未在Sterna trudeaui与Thalasseus maximus体内检出鼻螨。另有1只宿主个体（T. acuflavidus）同时被S. boydi和L. orbicularis两种鼻螨寄生。