Analysis of Skills and Attitudes in the Critical Meaningful Learning on Physical Phenomena in Primary School

Abstract: This paper presents partial results of an ongoing doctoral research, carried out in primary schools, and its purpose is to analyze students' performance regarding skills and attitudes developed during the study of the concept of heat and its effects to produce state changes in substances. The study was conducted through a qualitative approach, with a descriptive and explanatory objective, adopting the case study as a procedure. Data were collected on the skills and scientific knowledge developed by third-graders, in the different stages of the Methodology of Inquiry used, based on the Theory of Meaningful Critical Learning. The results show evidence that the activities based on this methodology allow greater motivation and interest for the study of science, expansion of the child’s scientific vocabulary, acquisition of new concepts, besides favoring the possibilities of social interaction, the use of questioning and the understanding of some necessary procedures in scientific research.

摘要：本研究为一项正在推进的博士课题的阶段性成果，研究在小学范围内开展，旨在分析学生在学习热的概念及其引发物质状态变化的效应过程中所形成的技能与态度表现。本研究采用质性研究方法，以描述性与解释性为研究目标，选取个案研究作为研究实施方式。研究数据采集自三年级学生在基于有意义批判性学习理论的探究教学法各实施阶段中所形成的技能与科学知识。研究结果显示，基于该教学法开展的教学活动能够有效提升学生学习科学的动机与兴趣，扩充儿童的科学词汇储备，帮助其掌握全新科学概念；同时还可促进社会互动、引导学生提出质疑，并助力其理解科学研究中的部分必要流程。