Data from: "Two tales of cardiovascular risks - middle-aged women living in Sweden and Scotland"- a cross-sectional comparative study

OBJECTIVES: To compare cardiovascular risk factors as well as rates of cardiovascular diseases in middle-aged women in urban areas in Scotland and Sweden. DESIGN: Comparative cross-sectional study. SETTING: Data from the general population in urban areas of Scotland and the general population in two major Swedish cities in southeast Sweden, south of Stockholm. PARTICIPANTS: Comparable data of middle-aged women (40-65 years) from the Scottish Health Survey (SHeS) - (N = 6 250) and the Swedish QWIN-study (N = 741) were merged together into a new dataset (N = 6 991 participants). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: We compared middle-aged women in urban areas in Sweden and Scotland regarding risk factors for CVD, CVD diagnosis, anthropometrics, psychological distress, and lifestyle. RESULTS: In almost all measurements, there were significant differences between the countries, favoring the Swedish women. Scottish women demonstrated a higher frequency of alcohol consumption, smoking, obesity, low vegetable consumption, a sedentary lifestyle, and also more psychological distress. For doctor-diagnosed CHD there were also significant differences, with a higher prevalence among the Scottish women. CONCLUSIONS: This is one of the first studies that clearly shows that Scottish middle-aged women are particularly affected by a worse profile of CVD risks. The profound differences in CVD risk and outcome frequency in the two populations are likely to have arisen from differences in the two groups of women’s social, cultural, political and economic environments.

研究目的：比较苏格兰与瑞典城区中年女性的心血管疾病（Cardiovascular Disease, CVD）危险因素及心血管疾病患病情况。
研究设计：对比性横断面研究。
数据来源：苏格兰城区普通人群，以及瑞典东南部、斯德哥尔摩以南的两座主要城市的普通人群。
研究对象：合并苏格兰健康调查（Scottish Health Survey, SHeS）中40~65岁中年女性（N=6250）与瑞典QWIN研究（N=741）的可比数据，最终构建包含6991名参与者的全新数据集。
主要观察指标：对比瑞典与苏格兰城区中年女性的心血管疾病危险因素、心血管疾病诊断结果、人体测量学指标、心理困扰状况及生活方式。
研究结果：几乎所有测量指标均显示两国间存在显著差异，瑞典女性整体表现更优。苏格兰女性的饮酒频率、吸烟率、肥胖患病率、蔬菜摄入不足比例、久坐生活方式占比均更高，且心理困扰程度更严重。在医生确诊的冠心病（Coronary Heart Disease, CHD）患病率方面，两国同样存在显著差异，苏格兰女性患病率更高。
研究结论：本研究为首批明确证实苏格兰中年女性心血管疾病危险因素谱更为恶劣的研究之一。两国人群在心血管疾病危险因素与结局发生频率上的显著差异，大概率源于两组女性所处的社会、文化、政治与经济环境差异。