Correlation between acoustic rhinometry, computed rhinomanometry and cone-beam computed tomography in mouth breathers with transverse maxillary deficiency

Abstract Introduction To provide clinical information and diagnosis in mouth breathers with transverse maxillary deficiency with posterior crossbite, numerous exams can be performed; however, the correlation among these exams remains unclear. Objective To evaluate the correlation between acoustic rhinometry, computed rhinomanometry, and cone-beam computed tomography in mouth breathers with transverse maxillary deficiency. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 30 mouth breathers with transverse maxillary deficiency (7-13 y.o.) patients with posterior crossbite. The examinations assessed: (i) acoustic rhinometry: nasal volumes (0-5 cm and 2-5 cm) and minimum cross-sectional areas 1 and 2 of nasal cavity; (ii) computed rhinomanometry: flow and average inspiratory and expiratory resistance; (iii) cone-beam computed tomography: coronal section on the head of inferior turbinate (Widths 1 and 2), middle turbinate (Widths 3 and 4) and maxilla levels (Width 5). Acoustic rhinometry and computed rhinomanometry were evaluated before and after administration of vasoconstrictor. Results were compared by Spearman's correlation and Mann-Whitney tests (α = 0.05). Results Positive correlations were observed between: (i) flow evaluated before administration of vasoconstrictor and Width 4 (Rho = 0.380) and Width 5 (Rho = 0.371); (ii) Width 2 and minimum cross-sectional areas 1 evaluated before administration of vasoconstrictor (Rho = 0.380); (iii) flow evaluated before administration of vasoconstrictor and nasal volumes of 0-5 cm (Rho = 0.421), nasal volumes of 2-5 cm (Rho = 0.393) and minimum cross-sectional areas 1 (Rho = 0.375); (iv) Width 4 and nasal volumes of 0-5 cm evaluated before administration of vasoconstrictor (Rho = 0.376), nasal volumes of 2-5 cm evaluated before administration of vasoconstrictor (Rho = 0.376), minimum cross-sectional areas 1 evaluated before administration of vasoconstrictor (Rho = 0.410) and minimum cross-sectional areas 1 after administration of vasoconstrictor (Rho = 0.426); (v) Width 5 and Width 1 (Rho = 0.542), Width 2 (Rho = 0.411), and Width 4 (Rho = 0.429). Negative correlations were observed between: (i) Width 4 and average inspiratory resistance (Rho = −0.385); (ii) average inspiratory resistance evaluated before administration of vasoconstrictor and nasal volumes of 0-5 cm (Rho = −0.382), and average expiratory resistance evaluated before administration of vasoconstrictor and minimum cross-sectional areas 1 (Rho = −0.362). Conclusion There were correlations between acoustic rhinometry, computed rhinomanometry, and cone-beam computed tomography in mouth breathers with transverse maxillary deficiency.

摘要 引言：为向存在上颌横向发育不足伴后牙反𬌗的口呼吸者提供临床信息与诊断依据，临床可开展多项检查，但目前各项检查间的相关性尚不明确。目的：评估存在上颌横向发育不足的口呼吸者中，鼻声反射测量法（acoustic rhinometry）、计算机辅助鼻测压法（computed rhinomanometry）与锥形束计算机断层扫描（cone-beam computed tomography）三者间的相关性。方法：本研究为横断面研究，纳入30例年龄7~13岁、存在上颌横向发育不足伴后牙反𬌗的口呼吸患者。评估内容包括：①鼻声反射测量法：检测鼻腔容积（0~5cm段与2~5cm段）以及鼻腔最小横截面积1、2；②计算机辅助鼻测压法：检测流量及吸气、呼气平均阻力；③锥形束计算机断层扫描：在下鼻甲头部层面（宽度1、2）、中鼻甲层面（宽度3、4）及上颌骨层面（宽度5）进行冠状位扫描分析。分别于血管收缩剂给药前后开展鼻声反射测量与计算机辅助鼻测压检测，采用斯皮尔曼相关分析（Spearman's correlation）与曼-惠特尼检验（Mann-Whitney tests）对结果进行比较（α=0.05）。结果：共检测到如下正相关关系：①血管收缩剂给药前检测的流量与宽度4（Rho=0.380）、宽度5（Rho=0.371）；②血管收缩剂给药前检测的宽度2与最小横截面积1（Rho=0.380）；③血管收缩剂给药前检测的流量与0~5cm段鼻腔容积（Rho=0.421）、2~5cm段鼻腔容积（Rho=0.393）及最小横截面积1（Rho=0.375）；④血管收缩剂给药前检测的宽度4与0~5cm段鼻腔容积（Rho=0.376）、2~5cm段鼻腔容积（Rho=0.376）、血管收缩剂给药前检测的最小横截面积1（Rho=0.410）及血管收缩剂给药后检测的最小横截面积1（Rho=0.426）；⑤宽度5与宽度1（Rho=0.542）、宽度2（Rho=0.411）及宽度4（Rho=0.429）。同时检测到如下负相关关系：①宽度4与吸气平均阻力（Rho=-0.385）；②血管收缩剂给药前检测的吸气平均阻力与0~5cm段鼻腔容积（Rho=-0.382），以及血管收缩剂给药前检测的呼气平均阻力与最小横截面积1（Rho=-0.362）。结论：存在上颌横向发育不足的口呼吸者中，鼻声反射测量法、计算机辅助鼻测压法与锥形束计算机断层扫描三者间存在相关性。