Selectivity and precarious labor in the highly skilled migration from Latin America and the Caribbean, 2000-2010

Abstract The aim of this paper is to examine the main changes in the levels and trends of global highly skilled migration between 2000 and 2010, with special emphasis on what happens in the Latin America and the Caribbean region (LAC). The paper takes as analytical axes the selective immigration policies of highly skilled migrants in the countries of destination, the limited incorporation of them in the origin countries, and their precarious labor incorporation in the economies of the global North. The information used here is the recently published database by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) known as DIOC 2000/01 and 2010/11. The article shows an accelerated increase in skilled labor migration (particularly in the case of women), an increase in the "brain drain" between 2000 and 2010, and an increasingly precarious and unfavorable labor insertion for highly skilled migrants of LAC.

摘要 本文旨在探讨2000年至2010年间全球高技能移民的规模及趋势的主要变化，重点关注拉丁美洲及加勒比地区（Latin America and the Caribbean, LAC）的相关情况。本文以三大分析维度为框架：目的地国针对高技能移民的选择性移民政策、高技能移民在来源国的融入程度有限，以及他们在全球北方经济体中面临的不稳定劳动就业融入处境。本文所用数据为经济合作与发展组织（Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, OECD）最新发布的DIOC 2000/01及2010/11数据库。研究结果显示，2000年至2010年间，技能型劳动力移民（尤以女性群体为甚）增速加快，全球人才外流现象加剧，且拉丁美洲及加勒比地区的高技能移民所面临的劳动就业融入处境愈发不稳定且不利。