Impacto do Programa Bolsa Família sobre a Frequência Escolar: o caso da agricultura familiar no Nordeste do Brasil

The main proposal of this study was to evaluate the impact of the Bolsa Família conditioned public cash transfer program on the school presence among the children and adolescents from five to 14 years, in the Brazilian states of Pernambuco, Ceará, Sergipe and Paraíba. The work uses both primary and secondary data (PNAD, 2005) to build two different control groups used for propensity score estimative matching with children from families that received income from the federal program. For all studied groups the impact of the Bolsa Família was positive, in other words, the results indicate that the is difference between gender, with the program being effective for girls, but not for boys. This probably is related to the gender difference in the opportunity cost of human capital investment in Brazil rural northeast.

本研究的核心目标为评估有条件公共现金转移支付计划——家庭补助金计划（Bolsa Família）对巴西伯南布哥、塞阿拉、塞尔希培与帕拉伊巴四州5至14岁儿童及青少年在校出勤状况的影响。本研究同时采用一手数据与二手数据（巴西国家家庭抽样调查，PNAD，2005年）构建两组对照样本，用于与领取该联邦计划收入的家庭子女开展倾向得分估计匹配分析。针对所有研究群体，家庭补助金计划的影响均为正向；换言之，研究结果显示性别间存在差异：该计划对女童效果显著，但对男童未体现出明显作用。这一结论或与巴西东北部农村地区人力资本投资的机会成本存在性别差异相关。