STANDARDUL PROBEI "DINCOLO DE ORICE DUBIU REZONABIL" DIN PERSPECTIVA CtEDO

The fear of miscarriage of justice is a real limit to judicial truth that all existing legal systems face. It is often perceived as a real drama sustained by the expectations and impending uncertainties of the criminal trial or as a terrible tragedy that dishonors the state. Therefore, the regulation of a standard of evidence that is able to guarantee a certain level of certainty in finding out the truth can have a fundamental role in forming an objective conviction of the court and in reducing the risk of an unfair solution. Thus, there is also the tendency of the courts to reconsider their jurisprudence according to the evolution of the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights, unifying in this sense the judicial practice through the direct application of the provisions of the European Convention, but with the mention that the only court that has the right to give official interpretations regarding the application of the European Convention, through its decisions, is the ECtHR. 对司法误判的恐惧，是所有现行法律体系在探寻司法真相过程中均需面对的切实制约因素。此类恐惧常被视为由刑事审判的各方期待与悬而未决的不确定性所催生的真实戏剧，或是令国家蒙羞的惨痛悲剧。因此，规制能够确保查明真相所需特定程度确定性的证据标准，对于形成法院的客观心证、降低裁判不公的风险具有根本性作用。据此，各国法院亦存在根据欧洲人权法院（European Court of Human Rights）的判例演进重新审视自身司法先例的趋势，通过直接适用《欧洲公约》（European Convention）的规定统一该领域的司法实践，但需明确的是，唯有欧洲人权法院（ECtHR）有权通过其裁判对《欧洲公约》的适用作出官方解释。