JV Breeding BWTE Population BCRs1223 (Plgn)

Joint Ventures (JVs) are bird conservation partnerships, established to achieve the goals of the North American Waterfowl Management Plan (NAWMP). There are 22 bird habitat JVs in North America, and our JV, the Upper Mississippi/Great Lakes Region Joint Venture (UMGL JV) is located in the Midwest, in a pivotal location in the Mississippi Flyway, for people involved in migratory bird conservation. We are a collaborative, regional group of government agencies, tribes, nonprofit organizations, corporations, universities, and individuals that conserve habitat for the benefit of migratory birds, other wildlife, and people. Our landscape includes eastern Minnesota; all of Wisconsin and Michigan; eastern Nebraska and Kansas; western, southern and eastern Iowa; northern Missouri, Illinois and Indiana; and northwestern Ohio. Bird Conservation Regions (BCRs): The North American Bird Conservation Initiative (NABCI) has classified landscapes based on features important for bird-conservation planning by sub-dividing the continent into Bird Conservation Regions (BCRs; Bird Studies Canada and NABCI 2014). These planning units are characterized by similar bird communities, habitats, and resource management issues. The UMGL JV region is largely covered by BCRs 22 (Eastern Tallgrass Prairie), 23 (Prairie Hardwood Transition), and the U.S. portion of BCR 12 (Boreal Hardwood Transition). Portions of BCR 24 (Central Hardwoods) and 13 (Lower Great Lakes / St. Lawrence Plain) also occur within the JV boundary. This Model: Targeting conservation to achieve biological objectives for Waterfowl and social objectives for People is a priority for JVs. Blue-winged Teal (BWTE; Spatula discors) is one of UMGL JV's focal waterfowl species. We produced a spatial model (this Polygon dataset) in BCRs 12 and 23 within the JV region to help estimate BWTE population density during the breeding period. We published its map in the JV Waterfowl Habitat Conservation Strategy – 2017 Revision (Appendix A). We started the analyses with BWTE population data from the Waterfowl Breeding Population and Habitat Survey (WBPHS, 2005–2014) conducted in Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota (BCRs 12 and 23). Density estimates from survey segments (400 m wide × 8–48 km long) were calculated, and these estimates were spatially joined to overlapping suitable cover types (potential habitats, extracted from the National Wetland Inventory). Habitat cover types were converted to multiple random points with 100 meter tolerance in-between; these points were then used along with their inherited data from survey segments to conduct kriging interpolation analysis. Portions of BCRs 12 and 23 had no aerial-survey coverage but species distribution was interpolated from neighboring surveyed areas within the BCR. Interpolation was performed while reducing negative effects of spatial auto-correlation, data trends, and directionality. Several models were generated and the best model was selected based on statistical results of cross-validation, such as mean prediction error and standardized root-mean-square of prediction error. This dataset comes with 32 classes of estimated BWTE density and it was summarized in 5 bins for simplicity. For smooth map, it is recommended to visualize using a graduate-color ramp with the 32 classes. For more details, please see BWTE account in Appendix A of the 2017 JV Waterfowl Habitat Conservation Strategy. Links: • On hold / contact us: To download this zipped File Geodatabase of this Polygon Feature Class dataset, related metadata, and documentation, please browse the UMGL JV online folder in the U.S. Geological Survey's ScienceBase repository. • To view and explore this Polygon Feature Class dataset and related data, please visit the online experience of the UMGL JV Decision Support Tools. References: • Model codes and final steps (for internal use of UMGLJV staff): (i) Jvw_Bcr1223Cstm_BWTE0514_nozout1_simple_1stT_expSmoothF1_A_stable_smoothF1_KModel_5_predPlgn = albers_Jv17BrdYsPopBcr1223_BWTE. (ii) albers_Jv17BrdYsPopBcr1223_BWTE → imported to new GDB and projected on-the-fly to WGS84 → renamed to Jv17BrdYsPopBcr1223_BWTE. • For internal use of USFWS staff: Data Management Plan (DMP) ID = 739; Title: UMGL JV - Blue-winged Teal - Interpolated Breeding Population Density (BCRs 12 & 23).合作伙伴关系（Joint Ventures, JVs）是鸟类保护合作伙伴机制，旨在实现《北美水禽管理计划》（North American Waterfowl Management Plan, NAWMP）的既定目标。北美地区共设有22个鸟类栖息地合作伙伴关系，本次涉及的上密西西比河/五大湖地区合作伙伴关系（Upper Mississippi/Great Lakes Region Joint Venture, UMGL JV）坐落于美国中西部，地处密西西比迁徙路线的关键节点，对从事迁徙鸟类保护工作的相关方而言具有重要战略意义。 我们是一个协同联动的区域性组织，成员涵盖政府机构、原住民部落、非营利组织、企业、高等院校及个人，致力于保护栖息地，以惠及迁徙鸟类、其他野生动物及人类社会。本组织的保护范围包括：明尼苏达州东部地区、威斯康星州全境、密歇根州全境、内布拉斯加州东部与堪萨斯州东部、艾奥瓦州西部、南部及东部区域、密苏里州北部、伊利诺伊州、印第安纳州，以及俄亥俄州西北部区域。 鸟类保护区域（Bird Conservation Regions, BCRs）：北美鸟类保护倡议（North American Bird Conservation Initiative, NABCI）基于鸟类保护规划的关键特征，将北美大陆划分为若干鸟类保护区域（Bird Conservation Regions, BCRs; Bird Studies Canada与NABCI，2014）。此类规划单元以相似的鸟类群落、栖息地类型及资源管理议题为核心特征。UMGL JV的保护区域主要覆盖BCR 22（东部高草草原）、BCR 23（草原-硬木林过渡带），以及BCR 12（北方硬木林过渡带）的美国境内部分。此外，BCR 24（中部硬木林）与BCR 13（下五大湖/圣劳伦斯平原）的部分区域也落入本合作伙伴关系的边界范围内。 本模型以实现水禽生物保护目标与人类社会保护目标为优先方向，这也是各合作伙伴关系的核心任务之一。蓝翅鸭（Blue-winged Teal, BWTE; Spatula discors）是UMGL JV的重点水禽物种之一。我们在本组织保护区域内的BCR 12与BCR 23范围内构建了空间模型（即本多边形数据集），用于估算繁殖期蓝翅鸭的种群密度。该模型成果已发表于《2017年版JVs水禽栖息地保护策略》的附录A中。 我们以2005-2014年在密歇根州、威斯康星州及明尼苏达州（对应BCR 12与23区域）开展的水禽繁殖种群与栖息地调查（Waterfowl Breeding Population and Habitat Survey, WBPHS, 2005–2014）获取的蓝翅鸭种群数据为分析基础。对调查样带（宽度400米，长度8-48千米）的种群密度估算结果进行计算，并将这些估算结果空间关联至重叠的适宜覆被类型（潜在栖息地数据源自《国家湿地清单》）。将栖息地覆被类型转换为间隔100米的多个随机采样点，随后结合这些采样点从调查样带继承的属性数据开展克里金插值分析。BCR 12与23的部分区域未开展航空调查，但通过该区域内邻近的已调查区域完成了物种分布的插值。插值过程中有效规避了空间自相关、数据趋势及方向性带来的负面影响。我们构建了多组模型，并基于交叉验证的统计结果（如平均预测误差、预测误差的标准化均方根）筛选出最优模型。 本数据集包含32个蓝翅鸭种群密度估算等级，为简化展示，已汇总为5个分级区间。若需绘制平滑地图，建议采用包含32个等级的渐变色色阶进行可视化。如需了解更多细节，请参阅《2017年JVs水禽栖息地保护策略》附录A中的蓝翅鸭相关说明。 链接： • 暂未开放下载/请联系我们：如需下载本多边形要素类（Polygon Feature Class）数据集的压缩文件地理数据库（File Geodatabase）、相关元数据及文档，请浏览美国地质调查局（U.S. Geological Survey）ScienceBase仓储库中的UMGL JV在线文件夹。 • 查看与探索数据集：请访问UMGL JV决策支持工具的在线体验平台。 参考文献： • 供UMGL JV内部员工使用的模型代码与最终步骤：(i) Jvw_Bcr1223Cstm_BWTE0514_nozout1_simple_1stT_expSmoothF1_A_stable_smoothF1_KModel_5_predPlgn = albers_Jv17BrdYsPopBcr1223_BWTE。(ii) albers_Jv17BrdYsPopBcr1223_BWTE → 导入至新的地理数据库并动态投影至WGS84坐标系 → 重命名为Jv17BrdYsPopBcr1223_BWTE。 • 供美国鱼类及野生动物管理局（U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, USFWS）内部员工使用：数据管理计划（Data Management Plan, DMP）编号=739；标题：UMGL JV - 蓝翅鸭 - 插值繁殖种群密度（BCR 12与23）。