尼泊尔晚白垩纪Tulsipur剖面和Butwal剖面岩相分析数据集

岩相分析是探讨沉积物的源区、背景和沉积盆地性质的重要研究方法。通过对喜马拉雅山南坡尼泊尔多个晚白垩世以来地层的系统考察，最终选取能够相对比的Tulsipur剖面和Butwal剖面开展详细的岩性和岩相分析工作。该套地层包括由下至上的Taltang Fm., Amile Fm., Bhainskati Fm. 和Dumri Fm.，地层连续。从岩性上，包含了砾岩、砂岩、粉砂岩、泥岩等陆源碎屑岩和石灰岩、硅质岩等化学岩以及煤层、碳质层、氧化壳等特殊岩性，上述剖面的沉积构造多样，颜色丰富，是开展岩相演化分析的良好材料。按照岩相和岩相组合特征，可揭示尼泊尔地区晚白垩世的沉积环境演化经历了海相、河流相、湖沼相、三角洲相等演化过程。

Lithofacies analysis is a critical research approach for investigating the provenance, depositional setting, and nature of sedimentary basins. Through systematic field investigations of multiple stratigraphic sequences in Nepal on the southern slope of the Himalayas since the Late Cretaceous, we selected the correlatable Tulsipur and Butwal sections to conduct detailed lithologic and lithofacies analyses. This continuous stratigraphic succession, in ascending order, consists of the Taltang Fm., Amile Fm., Bhainskati Fm., and Dumri Fm. In terms of lithology, it encompasses terrigenous clastic rocks including conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, and mudstone, chemical sedimentary rocks such as limestone and siliceous rock, as well as special lithologies like coal seams, carbonaceous beds, and oxidation crusts. The two sections exhibit diverse sedimentary structures and varied colors, rendering them ideal materials for lithofacies evolution analysis. By examining the characteristics of lithofacies and lithofacies associations, it can be determined that the depositional environment in the Nepal region has experienced a series of evolutionary stages including marine facies, fluvial facies, lacustrine-marsh facies, and delta facies since the Late Cretaceous.