ARC: An open-source library for calculating properties of alkali Rydberg atoms

We present an object-oriented Python library for computation of properties of highly-excited Rydberg states of alkali atoms. These include single-body effects such as dipole matrix elements, excited-state lifetimes (radiative and black-body limited) and Stark maps of atoms in external electric fields, as well as two-atom interaction potentials accounting for dipole and quadrupole coupling effects valid at both long and short range for arbitrary placement of the atomic dipoles. The package is cross-referenced to precise measurements of atomic energy levels and features extensive documentation to facilitate rapid upgrade or expansion by users. This library has direct application in the field of quantum information and quantum optics which exploit the strong Rydberg dipolar interactions for two-qubit gates, robust atom-light interfaces and simulating quantum many-body physics, as well as the field of metrology using Rydberg atoms as precise microwave electrometers.

本库提供了一款面向对象的Python库，用于计算碱金属原子的激发态Rydberg能级的性质。这些性质包括单体效应，如偶极矩矩阵元、激发态寿命（辐射衰减和黑体限制）以及在外部电场中的原子斯塔克图谱，还包括考虑偶极和四极耦合效应的两原子相互作用势，该势在长程和短程范围内均适用，且适用于任意取向的原子偶极。该库与原子能级的精确测量进行了交叉引用，并具备详尽的文档，以促进用户的快速升级或扩展。此库在量子信息学和量子光学领域具有直接应用，这些领域利用强Rydberg偶极相互作用实现双量子比特门、稳健的原子-光界面以及模拟量子多体物理；此外，在利用Rydberg原子作为精确微波电测量的计量学领域中也具有重要应用。