SELECTION OF COMMON BEAN LINES FOR STANDARD AND QUALITY SEEDS

ABSTRACT: The selection of common bean lines for seed coat standard, sanitary and physiological quality seed is recent in breeding programs. The objectives of this research were to evaluate if common bean lines differ for seed coat standard, sanitary and physiological quality seed, to investigate the correlation between these characters and to select common bean lines with high seed quality. For this, 16 inbred common bean lines were evaluated in normal rainy growing season. The common bean lines showed significant difference for the weight of thousand seeds, seed coat color, lignin content, length, width and thickness seeds, Fusarium sp. incidence, germination, first germination count, accelerated ageing, length of shoot, root and total of seedling, dry matter of shoot and total of seedling and emergency of seedling in field. A positive correlation coefficient was found between emergency of seedling in field and germination (r = 0.650), first germination count (r = 0.600), accelerated ageing (r = 0.793) and electric conductivity (r = 0.635). The indirect selection by germination, first germination count and accelerated ageing is effective to identify common bean lines with the highest emergency of seedling in field and germination. The selection of TB 02-07, SM 1810, Carioca, LP 08-90, SM 1107, LP 07-80, Pérola, CNFP 10104 and TB 02-24 lines is recommended for use in controlled hybridization programs for improvement of news common bean cultivars of high seeds quality.摘要：针对种皮品质、卫生品质与生理品质开展的普通菜豆品系选育，在育种项目中仍属较新的研究方向。本研究旨在评估不同普通菜豆品系在上述种子性状上是否存在差异，探究各性状间的相关性，并筛选出高种子品质的普通菜豆品系。为此，本研究在正常雨季种植季对16个普通菜豆自交系进行了评价。试验结果表明，不同普通菜豆品系在千粒重、种皮颜色、木质素含量、种子长、宽、厚，镰刀菌属（Fusarium sp.）侵染率、发芽率、初次发芽数、加速老化试验结果、幼苗地上部长度、根系长度及总幼苗长度、幼苗地上部干物质重、总幼苗干物质重以及田间出苗率上均存在显著差异。研究发现，田间出苗率与发芽率（r=0.650）、初次发芽数（r=0.600）、加速老化试验结果（r=0.793）及电导率（r=0.635）呈显著正相关。通过发芽率、初次发芽数及加速老化试验结果进行间接选择，可有效筛选出田间出苗率与发芽率均较高的普通菜豆品系。推荐选用TB 02-07、SM 1810、Carioca、LP 08-90、SM 1107、LP 07-80、Pérola、CNFP 10104及TB 02-24品系，用于受控杂交育种项目，以培育高种子品质的新型普通菜豆品种。