Effect of the diet on performance characteristics and quality of meat fat of lamb by principal component analysis

ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of use of agroindustrial co-products in the diet of lambs on the performance and nutritional quality of meat fat. Twenty lambs were distributed into four experimental groups: control diet (C) or diets containing cottonseed (CS), sunflower meal (SFM), and castor cake (CC). During the experimental period, data on dry matter consumption (DMC) and total weight gain (TWG) were collected. After slaughter, samples of Logissimus dorsi (LD) muscle were taken for fatty acids and cholesterol analysis. Diets C and CS provided similar characteristics of fat quality and animal performance. However, SFM and CC diets tend to form isolated groups, with different fat and performance characteristics. The SFM diet results in meat with a higher saturated fatty acids and cholesterol content. The CC diet is related to improved performance characteristics and lower cholesterol content. In conclusion, the inclusion of CC in the experimental diets provided, in the proportions used in this experiment, better characteristics of animal performance and meat fat quality.

摘要：本研究旨在探究日粮中添加农业工业副产物对羔羊生长性能及肉脂肪营养品质的影响。试验将20只羔羊分为4个试验组：对照组日粮（C组），以及分别添加棉籽（cottonseed, CS）、向日葵粕（sunflower meal, SFM）和蓖麻饼（castor cake, CC）的试验日粮。试验周期内，采集干物质采食量（dry matter consumption, DMC）与总增重（total weight gain, TWG）相关数据。屠宰后，采集背最长肌（Longissimus dorsi, LD）样本以开展脂肪酸与胆固醇含量分析。对照组日粮与棉籽日粮（C组与CS组）在肉脂肪品质与动物生长性能方面表现出相似特征。然而向日葵粕组（SFM组）与蓖麻饼组（CC组）日粮往往形成独立聚类，其肉脂肪品质与生长性能特征存在显著差异。向日葵粕日粮饲喂的羔羊，其肉品饱和脂肪酸与胆固醇含量更高。蓖麻饼日粮则与更优的生长性能以及更低的肉品胆固醇含量相关。综上，在本试验所用添加比例下，于试验日粮中添加蓖麻饼（CC）可使羔羊获得更优异的生长性能与肉脂肪品质。