FUNCTIONAL-SEMANTIC FEATURES OF CONVERSE WORDS

The article examines the functional-semantic features of converse words and their role in expressing the same situation from different perspectives. Particular attention is paid to the semantic, stylistic, syntactic, pragmatic, and communicative functions of converses in English. The study analyzes symmetrical converse verbs associated with transitive and intransitive constructions, as well as the interchange of subject and object in sentences. The article also explores the use of converses as a means of paraphrasing, expressing politeness, emphasizing the initiator of an action, and changing the communicative focus of an utterance. Special attention is devoted to converse transformations in translation, including their lexical, grammatical, semantic, logical, discursive-expressive, and cognitive aspects. Examples from English, Russian, and Uzbek demonstrate how translators employ converse transformations to preserve meaning, communicative effect, and stylistic expressiveness in translated texts, particularly in literary and poetic translation. The study concludes that converse transformation is a complex and multidimensional translation strategy that enables the same situation to be represented from a different semantic perspective while maintaining its essential meaning.