白桦强化育种技术的研究

1、本项目属于林木遗传育种学学科， 良种繁育技术领域。2、主要内容及特点 ①完成了白桦生殖生物学的系统研究研究了花芽分化开始到雌雄配子的形成、受精及合子发育的过程， 绘制了白桦有性生殖周期进程图。进行白桦营养生长到生殖生长变化过程中各类激素变化及与花芽分化的关系研究。不同温度、湿度、光照条件下白桦的光合作用及呼吸作用的研究， C/N比、测定二氧化碳补偿点、光补偿点和光饱和点、绘制了不同二氧化碳浓度响应曲线等， 为进行白桦强化处理措施奠定了基础。② 白桦强化处理措施的研究 在白桦强化种子园进行了不同二氧化碳浓度处理、光照、绞缢处理、喷施催花素、温湿度控制等措施， 研究促进提早开花结实的最佳措施， 提出种子规模生产配套技术。使野外自然条件下17年开花结实， 缩短到2-3年开花结实。③ 创造性地设计了白桦强化育种人工生态环境因子的监测系统， 实现了全息时序状态的自动控制。3、推广情况

1. This project falls within the discipline of forest tree genetics and breeding, specifically the field of elite variety propagation technology.
2. Main Contents and Features
① Systematic research on the reproductive biology of Betula platyphylla (white birch): We completed a systematic study on the reproductive biology of white birch, investigating the entire process from the initiation of flower bud differentiation to the formation of male and female gametes, fertilization and zygote development, and compiled a schematic diagram of the sexual reproductive cycle of white birch. Additionally, we conducted research on changes in various phytohormones during the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth of white birch and their correlation with flower bud differentiation. We also studied the photosynthesis and respiration of white birch under different temperature, humidity and light conditions, determined the C/N ratio, carbon dioxide compensation point, light compensation point and light saturation point, and plotted response curves under different carbon dioxide concentrations, laying a foundation for the development of subsequent enhanced treatment measures for white birch.
② Research on enhanced treatment measures for white birch: We implemented various treatments including different carbon dioxide concentrations, light regulation, girdling, spraying flower-promoting agents, and temperature and humidity control in the enhanced seed orchard of white birch, to explore the optimal measures to promote early flowering and fruiting, and proposed supporting technologies for large-scale seed production. As a result, the time from seedling to flowering and fruiting under natural field conditions, which originally took 17 years, was shortened to 2-3 years.
③ We creatively designed a monitoring system for artificial ecological environment factors in white birch enhanced breeding, realizing automatic control of holographic temporal states.
3. Promotion Status