珠穆朗玛峰北坡成冰作用（1966-1968）
收藏资源简介：
珠穆朗玛峰北坡的成冰作用研究来源于《现代冰川与地貌》（1975）科学考察报告。成冰作用是指冰川冰由积雪变质而形成的过程，它受水分条件的影响，具有明显的地带性规律。1960年，登山队员首次成功从北坡登顶珠穆朗玛峰，获得了珍贵的积雪状态资料。1964年，在希夏邦马峰的考察中，研究人员观察到并不存在完全不融化的干雪，甚至峰顶的粒雪也因融化而重新冻结，所有冰样均为渗浸冰。在珠穆朗玛峰的科学考察中，研究团队深入探查中绒布冰川和东绒布冰川的积累区，获得了丰富的冰川表面剖面资料，现场观测高度达海拔6,600米，此外，运动员们还带回了海拔7,600米以下的积雪-粒雪层剖面资料。这些资料为深入理解珠穆朗玛峰地区的成冰作用提供了基础。该数据集以Excel和JPG格式存储，包含1张工作簿和6张JPG文件，涵盖了绒布冰川考察路线示意图、不同冰流的表层剖面、太阳辐射及成冰带分布等信息，体现了第一次青藏科学考察数据的数字化整理成果。
The research on ice formation processes on the northern slope of Mount Qomolangma (Everest) is derived from the 1975 scientific expedition report titled *Modern Glaciers and Landforms*. Ice formation process refers to the process by which glacial ice forms through the metamorphism of snowpack. It is governed by moisture conditions and exhibits distinct zonal regularity. In 1960, mountaineers successfully summited Mount Qomolangma via its northern slope for the first time, obtaining valuable snow condition data. During the 1964 expedition to Mount Shishapangma, researchers observed that no completely non-melting dry snow existed; even the firn at the summit melted and refrozen, and all ice samples were percolation ice. During the scientific expedition to Mount Qomolangma, the research team conducted in-depth surveys of the accumulation zones of the Middle Rongbuk Glacier and East Rongbuk Glacier, acquiring abundant glacier surface profile data. The in-situ observation reached an altitude of 6,600 meters above sea level. Additionally, the mountaineers brought back snow-firn layer profile data below 7,600 meters above sea level. These data provide a foundation for in-depth understanding of ice formation processes in the Mount Qomolangma region. This dataset is stored in Excel and JPG formats, containing 1 workbook and 6 JPG files. It covers information such as the route map of the Rongbuk Glacier expedition, surface profiles of different ice flows, solar radiation and the distribution of ice formation zones, reflecting the digitized collation results of the data from the first Qinghai-Tibet Scientific Expedition.
