Neighbour joining tree showing the genetic relationships among feral pig individuals in north Queensland, based on Tamura-Nei genetic distances using control region mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA) sequence data

Feral pigs occur throughout tropical far north Queensland, Australia and are a significant threat to biodiversity and World Heritage values, agriculture and are a vector of infectious diseases. One of the constraints on long-lasting, local eradication of feral pigs is the process of reinvasion into recently controlled areas. This study examined the population genetic structure of feral pigs in far north Queensland to identify the extent of movement and the scale at which demographically independent management units exist. Genetic analysis of 328 feral pigs from the Innisfail to Tully region of tropical Queensland was undertaken. Seven microsatellite loci were screened and Bayesian clustering methods used to infer population clusters. Sequence variation at the mitochondrial DNA control region was examined to identify pig breed. Significant population structure was identified in the study area at a scale of 25 to 35 km, corresponding to three demographically independent management units (MUs).

Only bootstrap values >90% are shown in the diagram and the scale indicates genetic distance. Symbols represent management unit designation based on microsatellite Bayesian clustering analysis.

野生家猪（feral pigs）广泛分布于澳大利亚昆士兰州远北部热带区域，对生物多样性与世界遗产价值、农业生产构成严重威胁，同时还可作为传染病的传播媒介。长期开展本地野生家猪根除工作的一大限制因素，是近期管控区域会再次遭受野生家猪的入侵。本研究针对昆士兰州远北部的野生家猪种群遗传结构展开分析，旨在明确其扩散范围，以及界定种群独立管理单元所需的空间尺度。本研究对采集自昆士兰州热带区域因尼斯费尔（Innisfail）至塔利（Tully）地区的328头野生家猪开展遗传分析：筛选了7个微卫星位点（microsatellite loci），采用贝叶斯聚类法（Bayesian clustering methods）推断种群聚类情况；同时通过检测线粒体DNA控制区（mitochondrial DNA control region）的序列变异，对猪的品种进行鉴定。研究区域内发现存在显著的种群遗传结构，空间尺度为25至35千米，对应3个种群独立管理单元（management units, MUs）。
图中仅标注了置信度高于90%的自举值（bootstrap values），图例标尺代表遗传距离；图中符号为基于微卫星贝叶斯聚类分析得出的管理单元分类结果。