Results from the monitoring of veterinary medicinal product residues and other substances in live animals and animal products - Romania

This dataset contains the monitoring results of veterinary medicinal product residues and other substances measured in live animals and animal products analysed by the national competent authority of Romania. The presence of unauthorised substances, residues of veterinary medicinal products or chemical contaminants in food may pose a risk factor for public health. For this reason and in order to ensure a high level of consumer protection, a comprehensive legislative framework has been established in the European Union (EU) which defines maximum limits permitted in food and monitoring programmes for the control of the presence of these substances in the food chain. Regulation (EU) No 37/2010 establishes maximum limits for residues of veterinary medicinal products in food-producing animals and animal products. Maximum residue levels for pesticides in or on food and feed of plant and animal origin are laid down in Regulation (EC) No 396/2005. Commission Regulation (EC) 1881/2006 lays down the maximum limits for the presence of certain contaminants in animal products. Council Directive 96/23/EC lays down measures to monitor certain substances and residues thereof, mainly veterinary medicinal products, in live animals and animal products. Additionally, Commission Decision 97/747/EC lays down levels and frequencies of sampling for certain animal products. The dataset contains the results of laboratory tests from samples taken from bovines, pigs, sheep, goats, horses, poultry, rabbits, farmed game, wild game aquaculture, milk, eggs and honey. Targeted samples are taken with the aim of detecting illegal treatment or controlling compliance with the maximum levels laid down in the relevant legislation. This means that, in their national plans Member States target the groups of animals (species, gender, age) where the probability of finding residues is the highest. Suspect samples are taken as a consequence of i) non-compliant results on samples taken in accordance with the monitoring plan, ii) possession or presence of prohibited substances at any point during manufacture, storage, distribution or sale through the food and feed production chain, or iii) suspicion or evidence of illegal treatment or non-compliance with the withdrawal period for an authorised medicinal veterinary product. Residues of pharmacologically active substances mean active substances, excipients or degradation products and their metabolites, which remain in food. Unauthorised substances or products mean substances or products prohibited under European Union legislation. Non-compliant sample is a sample that has been analysed for the presence of one or more substances and failed to comply with the legal provisions for at least one substance. Thus, a sample can be non-compliant for one or more substances. REPORTING AUTHORITIES CONTRIBUTING TO EACH DATA COLLECTION: VMPR_2020 – Institute of Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health VMPR_2019 – Institute of Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health VMPR_2018 – Institute of Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health VMPR_2017 – Institute of Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health

本数据集收录罗马尼亚国家主管机构对活体动物及动物产品中兽药残留（veterinary medicinal product residues）与其他物质的监测检测结果。食品中存在未授权物质、兽药残留或化学污染物，可能对公众健康构成风险因素。为保障高水平的消费者保护，欧洲联盟（European Union，EU）建立了完善的立法框架，明确了食品中的最大允许限量，以及用于管控食品链中此类物质存在的监测计划。
(EU) No 37/2010号法规确立了食用动物及动物产品中兽药残留的最大限量标准；(EC) No 396/2005号法规规定了植物源及动物源食品与饲料中农药的最大残留限量；(EC) No 1881/2006号委员会法规设定了动物产品中部分污染物的最大允许限值；96/23/EC号理事会指令规定了针对活体动物及动物产品中部分物质及其残留（主要为兽药）的监测措施。此外，97/747/EC号委员会决定明确了部分动物产品的采样水平与采样频次。
本数据集涵盖从牛、猪、绵羊、山羊、马、家禽、兔、养殖野味动物、野生水产养殖动物、牛奶、蛋类及蜂蜜中采集的样本的实验室检测结果。采集针对性样本的目的，在于检测违规用药行为，或管控是否符合相关立法规定的最大限量要求。这意味着，各成员国在其国家监测计划中，会将监测重点放在最有可能检出残留的动物类别（物种、性别、年龄）上。
可疑样本的采集情形包括：
i) 根据监测计划采集的样本检测结果不合格；
ii) 在食品及饲料生产链的制造、储存、分销或销售任一环节中，存在禁用物质或持有禁用物质；
iii) 存在违规用药，或未遵守授权兽药休药期的嫌疑或实证证据。
药理学活性物质残留，指残留在食品中的活性物质、辅料、降解产物及其代谢物。未授权物质或产品，指欧洲联盟立法中明令禁止的物质或产品。不合格样本指经检测发现一种或多种物质不符合相关法律规定的样本，因此一份样本可因一种或多种物质而被判定为不合格。
参与各数据采集的报告机构如下：
VMPR_2020 – 兽医公共卫生研究所（Institute of Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health）
VMPR_2019 – 兽医公共卫生研究所（Institute of Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health）
VMPR_2018 – 兽医公共卫生研究所（Institute of Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health）
VMPR_2017 – 兽医公共卫生研究所（Institute of Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health）