辽榛7号、辽榛8号、辽榛9号平欧杂种榛良种选育及丰产栽培配套技术研究

“辽榛7号、辽榛8号、辽榛9号平欧杂种榛良种选育及丰产栽培配套技术研究”是在我所前期榛树研究基的础上开展的榛树育种及其配套丰产栽培技术研究项目。 项目从2006年起布置安排了第三批平欧杂种榛优良品系的品种比较与区域试验，着重开展更具特色的杂交榛子新品种选育研究工作 在开展育种研究的同时，课题组在施肥、修剪、病虫害防治、果品加工等方面，全方位的开展了榛树的配套丰产栽培技术研究，推出榛子平欧种间杂交新品种3个，同时提出相应的丰产栽培配套等。 1.本项研究利用生物远缘杂交杂种优势原理，通过平榛 × 欧榛种间杂交，取得杂种F1代品系，采取品比与区试相合的途径，筛选出适宜我省栽培的榛子优良品种3个。新品种选育研究在我国首次提出授粉、密植、加工专用品种，是我国在榛树育种研究中的创新。 2.本项研究利用现代生物技术理论，开展和完成了平欧杂种榛品种间亲和性荧光检测技术研究 开展了杂交榛子鉴定良种的RAPD分子鉴别技术研究，首次提出榛子主栽品种的RAPD鉴别技术。 3.本项研究利用果树栽培学、土壤学、病理学等理论，开展和完成了平欧杂种榛的主要病害（白粉病）防治技术研究、榛子新病害的鉴定、苗木高效快速繁殖技术研究、叶分析指导施肥等丰产配套栽培技术。 4.通过技术的集成，提出并制定榛树丰产栽培和苗木繁殖省级技术规程2项。 5.开展了榛子坚果的加工利用技术研究，提出榛子油加工工艺一项。本项研究具有全面性、创新性，保持了我国在平榛与欧洲榛种间杂交育种研究上的国际先进水平，选育的新品种具有更加突出的特色，在国内的同类研究上也处于独树一帜的研究地位。项目研究内容全面广泛，涵盖了育种、栽培配套技术、果品加工等各个环节，研究成果达到国内领先、国际同类研究先进水平。

"Research on Breeding of Ping'ou Hybrid Hazelnut Cultivars Liaozhen No.7, Liaozhen No.8, Liaozhen No.9 and Supporting High-Yield Cultivation Technologies" is a hazelnut breeding and supporting high-yield cultivation technology research project carried out based on the preliminary hazelnut research work of our institute. Starting from 2006, the project arranged the third batch of variety comparison and regional trials for excellent Ping'ou hybrid hazelnut lines, focusing on the breeding of new distinctive hybrid hazelnut cultivars. While conducting breeding research, the research team carried out comprehensive studies on supporting high-yield cultivation technologies for hazelnuts in aspects including fertilization, pruning, pest and disease control, and fruit processing, and developed 3 new interspecific hybrid hazelnut cultivars along with corresponding supporting high-yield cultivation measures.

1. This study adopted the principle of heterosis in biological distant hybridization. Through interspecific hybridization between Chinese hazelnut (Corylus heterophylla Fisch.) and European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.), hybrid F1 generation lines were obtained. By combining variety comparison tests and regional trials, 3 excellent hazelnut cultivars suitable for cultivation in our province were screened. This study proposed for the first time in China the breeding of cultivars tailored for pollination requirements, dense planting, and processing use, which represents an innovation in hazelnut breeding research in China.
2. This study applied modern biotechnology theories to carry out and complete research on fluorescence detection technology for the compatibility among Ping'ou hybrid hazelnut cultivars, as well as Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) molecular identification technology for hybrid hazelnut elite cultivars. It proposed for the first time the RAPD identification technology for major hazelnut cultivated varieties in China.
3. Based on the theories of fruit cultivation, soil science, and plant pathology, this study carried out and completed research on control technologies for the main disease (powdery mildew) of Ping'ou hybrid hazelnuts, identification of new hazelnut diseases, efficient and rapid propagation technology for nursery stocks, and high-yield supporting cultivation technologies such as leaf analysis-guided fertilization.
4. Through technology integration, 2 provincial technical regulations for hazelnut high-yield cultivation and nursery stock propagation were proposed and formulated.
5. Research on processing and utilization technologies for hazelnut kernels was carried out, and one hazelnut oil processing technology was proposed.

This project is comprehensive and innovative, maintaining China's international advanced level in interspecific hybridization breeding research between Chinese hazelnut and European hazelnut. The newly bred cultivars have more prominent characteristics, occupying a unique research position among domestic similar studies. The project covers all aspects including breeding, supporting cultivation technologies, fruit processing and other links, and the research results have reached the domestic leading level and advanced level in international similar research.