Cholinesterase homozygous genotype as susceptible biomarker of hypertriglyceridaemia for pesticide-exposed agricultural workers

Dyslipidemia is an emerging metabolic disorder among pesticide-exposed agricultural workers, and this study was aimed to explore biomarkers of hypertriglyceridaemia susceptibility. This cross-sectional study recruited 72 pesticide-exposed subjects and 78 non-exposed controls. Lipid profile, cholinesterase activity, and thyroid hormones were analysed with routine assays. Six loci, including rs11206244 and rs2235544 for deiodinase 1, rs12885300 and rs225014 for deiodinase 2, rs1803274 for butyrylcholinesterase, and rs3757869 for acetylcholinesterase were genotyped using an improved multiplex ligation detection reaction technique. Pesticide-exposed subjects showed higher levels of triglyceride than controls (<i>p</i> = 0.009), although there were comparable cholinesterase activity and genotype frequencies of all six loci between pesticide-exposed subjects and controls. Pesticide-exposed subjects with homozygous genotype of cholinesterase had increased triglyceride levels than controls (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The percentage of hypertriglyceridaemia was 28.6% and 8.8% for pesticide-exposed subjects and controls with homozygous butyrylcholinesterase genotype (<i>p</i> = 0.007) and 20.8% and 14.3% with homozygous acetylcholinesterase genotype (<i>p</i> = 0.792), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analyses found that odds ratio of hypertriglyceridaemia is 21.92 and 4.56 for pesticide-exposed subjects with homozygous genotype of butyrylcholinesterase (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and acetylcholinesterase (<i>p</i> = 0.036), respectively. Cholinesterase homozygous genotype might be a potential susceptible biomarker in screening pesticide-exposed agricultural workers vulnerable to hypertriglyceridaemia.

血脂异常（Dyslipidemia）是农药暴露农业劳动者中逐渐受到关注的一种代谢紊乱性疾病。本研究旨在探索高甘油三酯血症（hypertriglyceridaemia）易感性的生物标志物。本横断面研究共招募72名农药暴露受试者与78名非暴露对照人群。采用常规检测方法分析血脂谱、胆碱酯酶活性及甲状腺激素水平。采用改良多重连接检测反应（multiplex ligation detection reaction）技术对6个位点进行基因分型，包括脱碘酶1（deiodinase 1）的rs11206244与rs2235544、脱碘酶2（deiodinase 2）的rs12885300与rs225014、丁酰胆碱酯酶（butyrylcholinesterase）的rs1803274，以及乙酰胆碱酯酶（acetylcholinesterase）的rs3757869。农药暴露受试者的甘油三酯水平显著高于对照组（p=0.009），尽管两组间胆碱酯酶活性及上述6个位点的基因型频率均无显著差异。携带胆碱酯酶纯合基因型的农药暴露受试者，其甘油三酯水平较对照组显著升高（p<0.05）。在携带丁酰胆碱酯酶纯合基因型的人群中，农药暴露受试者与对照者的高甘油三酯血症患病率分别为28.6%与8.8%（p=0.007）；在携带乙酰胆碱酯酶纯合基因型的人群中，两组的高甘油三酯血症患病率分别为20.8%与14.3%（p=0.792）。多因素logistic回归分析显示，携带丁酰胆碱酯酶纯合基因型的农药暴露受试者发生高甘油三酯血症的比值比为21.92（p=0.001），携带乙酰胆碱酯酶纯合基因型者的比值比为4.56（p=0.036）。胆碱酯酶纯合基因型或可作为筛查易患高甘油三酯血症的农药暴露农业劳动者的潜在易感生物标志物。