Association of active behavior, body mass index, blood pressure and inflammatory cytokine in adolescents

Abstract Introduction Physical inactivity is associated with obesity, chronic inflammation and the occurrence of chronic non-communicable diseases. Objective: To investigate the association of active behavior, body mass index (BMI), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) with serum levels of inflammatory interleukins in adolescents. Methods Cross-sectional population-based study of adolescents from public schools in São Luís, Maranhão. A theoretical model was built, based on Structural Equation Modeling, to explore the effects of the latent variable “active behavior” adjusted for socioeconomic status and gender, with effects on BMI, DBP and inflammatory load. Results Active behavior was associated with lower DBP values (standardized coefficient (SC) = -0.146; p = 0.029), while higher BMI was associated with higher DBP values (SC = 0.177; p < 0.001). For the highest values of active behavior there was a higher inflammatory load (SC = 0.442; p < 0.001); and a higher BMI was associated with a higher inflammatory burden (SC = 0.145; p = 0.025). Female gender had a higher inflammatory burden (SC = 0.282; p < 0.001). There was an indirect effect for females on lower inflammatory load values via reduction in active behavior (SC = -0.155; p < 0.001). Conclusion Active behavior reduces blood pressure levels in adolescents; while the increase in inflammatory cytokines induced by active behavior may be involved in their anti-inflammatory response for disease prevention.

摘要：身体活动不足与肥胖症、慢性炎症及慢性非传染性疾病的发生密切相关。
目的：探讨青少年主动行为、体质指数（Body Mass Index, BMI）、舒张压（Diastolic Blood Pressure, DBP）与血清炎性白细胞介素水平的关联。
方法：本研究为基于人群的横断面研究，研究对象为巴西马拉尼昂州圣路易斯市公立学校的青少年。本研究基于结构方程模型（Structural Equation Modeling）构建理论模型，探究以社会经济地位和性别为校正变量的潜变量“主动行为”对体质指数、舒张压及炎症负荷的影响效应。
结果：主动行为与更低的舒张压水平相关（标准化系数（standardized coefficient, SC）=-0.146；p=0.029），而更高的体质指数则与更高的舒张压水平相关（SC=0.177；p<0.001）。主动行为水平越高，炎症负荷越高（SC=0.442；p<0.001）；更高的体质指数与更高的炎症负荷相关（SC=0.145；p=0.025）。女性的炎症负荷更高（SC=0.282；p<0.001）。女性可通过降低主动行为间接实现炎症负荷水平的降低（SC=-0.155；p<0.001）。
结论：主动行为可降低青少年的血压水平；而主动行为诱导的炎性细胞因子水平升高，或参与其抗炎应答过程，从而发挥疾病预防作用。