Islamic social enterprise model at Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil (BMT) Nurul Ummah Ngasem, Bojonegoro Indonesia

Poverty and economic injustice are classic problems that have never been resolved, especially after Covid-19. The economic burden on small communities is getting heavier, wages for agricultural workers are still low, employment opportunities are still tricky, many road access is damaged, and people's daily income needs improvement. This is what the residents of Kwangenrejo Leran Kalitidu Bojonegoro Hamlet experienced. To solve the problems mentioned above, the role of the government and private economic institutions such as Baitul Maall Wat Tamwil (BMT) is needed to encourage economic improvement in society. The National Committee for Sharia Economics and Finance (KNEKS) noted that Sharia microfinance increased national economic growth by 16% and reduced poverty rates. This type of research is qualitative with a qualitative descriptive nature. The approach used in this research is a Case Study. Data collection techniques used in-depth interviews, documentation studies, and participant observation with qualitative descriptive data analysis. The collected data was analyzed, referring to Miles and Huberman's theory of three activities: data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. Meanwhile, testing the validity of the data was carried out using triangulation techniques, namely a combined technique with various methods used to study the phenomenon of the research object. The findings of this research are: first, the Islamic Social Enterprise Model BMT Nurul Ummah Ngasem Bojonegoro is a business model that combines two instruments, namely commercial business and social business. First, the model is mutually supportive (integrated) of community economic independence and the embedded finance business model. Embedded means a business service that serves customers readily by simply showing their membership card during service.贫困与经济不公是始终未能根治的经典社会问题，尤其在新冠疫情（COVID-19）暴发后愈发严峻。小型社区承受的经济负担日益加重，农业劳动者薪资仍处低位，就业机会依然紧张，多处道路通行设施受损，民众日常收入亟待提升。这正是博乔内戈罗（Bojonegoro）卡利蒂杜乡夸恩格雷乔勒兰村居民的真实处境。 为解决上述问题，需发挥政府与伊斯兰慈善与信贷机构（Baitul Maall Wat Tamwil，简称BMT）等民营经济机构的作用，推动社会经济发展。全国伊斯兰经济与金融委员会（National Committee for Sharia Economics and Finance，简称KNEKS）指出，伊斯兰小额信贷可拉动国民经济增长16%，并降低贫困发生率。 本研究属于质性研究范畴，采用质性描述性研究范式。研究方法为案例研究法，数据收集手段包括深度访谈、文献研究与参与式观察，并辅以质性描述性数据分析。 所收集的数据将参照迈尔斯（Miles）与休伯曼（Huberman）提出的三阶段质性数据分析框架——数据浓缩、数据呈现与结论推导进行分析。与此同时，数据效度检验采用三角验证法，即通过结合多种研究方法以探究研究对象现象的综合技术。 本研究的核心发现如下：其一，博乔内戈罗（Bojonegoro）恩加塞姆（Ngasem）的伊斯兰社会企业模式BMT Nurul Ummah，是融合商业经营与社会公益两类运作机制的商业模式。该模式实现了社区经济自立与嵌入型金融（embedded finance）商业模式的双向赋能（一体化融合）。所谓嵌入型金融服务，指用户仅需在服务流程中出示会员卡即可便捷获取的金融业务模式。