Welfare and Inequality in Finland 2016

The study charted Finnish opinions on and experiences of welfare and inequality as well as feelings of satisfaction and happiness. TThe study was as part of a project entitled Tackling Inequalities in Time of Austerity (TITA) funded by the Strategic Research Council of the Academy of Finland (decision number: 293103). First, the respondents were asked about their life satisfaction, mood, ability to achieve things, perceived status in society and satisfaction with the status. Regarding income and personal finance, net income of the household and the ease of covering usual expenses with the income was surveyed as well as the monthly costs incurred by debt. The respondents were asked whether their parents had been unemployed or received social security benefits when they were in their teens and whether the respondents themselves had received social assistance in the previous year. Feelings of loneliness, depression, failure and happiness in the previous 12 months were charted. The respondents were asked how often they did things they enjoyed, how well they took care of their health, how much they were able to spend time with people they liked and how satisfied they were with their neighbourhood in terms of built and natural environment and access to services. The respondents were asked how much they cared about the well-being of different groups (e.g. the homeless, immigrants, refugees and asylum-seekers, children in poor families, the elderly) and whether they, a family member or a friend had experienced challenging life circumstances (e.g. homelessness, substance abuse, over-indebtedness, disability). Trust in other people was charted. Finally, the respondents were presented statements about whether the differences in income, health, neighbourhoods and education were too high in Finland. Two statements about social security benefits were also presented, and the respondents were asked how well they had achieved the things they had wanted to achieve. Background variables included the respondent's gender, year of birth, household composition, housing tenure, education, economic activity and choice of political party.

本研究调研统计了芬兰民众对福利与不平等的看法与经历，以及其满足感与幸福感体验。本研究为芬兰科学院战略研究理事会资助项目“紧缩时期的不平等治理（Tackling Inequalities in Time of Austerity, TITA）”的组成部分，资助编号为293103。
首先，受访者被问及生活满意度、情绪状态、目标达成能力、社会感知地位及地位满意度。在收入与个人财务维度，调研内容涵盖家庭净收入、收入覆盖日常开支的难易程度，以及每月债务支出情况。
受访者还被问及青少年时期父母是否曾失业或领取社会保障福利，以及自身在过去一年是否领取过社会救助。研究记录了受访者过去12个月内的孤独感、抑郁情绪、挫败感与幸福感水平。
此外，受访者被问及参与喜爱活动的频率、健康照料状况、与喜爱之人共处的时长，以及对社区建成环境、自然环境与服务可及性的满意度。
调查对象被问及对不同群体（如无家可归者、移民、难民与寻求庇护者、贫困家庭儿童、老年人）福祉的关注程度，以及自身、家人或朋友是否曾遭遇困境人生境遇（如无家可归、物质滥用、过度负债、残疾）。同时调研了民众对他人的信任程度。
最后，研究人员向受访者展示了关于芬兰收入、健康、社区与教育领域差距是否过大的表述，同时包含两条关于社会保障福利的表述，并询问受访者自身的目标达成情况。背景变量涵盖受访者性别、出生年份、家庭构成、住房权属、受教育程度、经济活动状况与政党倾向。