Co-expression of the neuronal α(7) and L247T α(7) mutant subunits yields hybrid nicotinic receptors with properties of both wild-type α(7) and α(7) mutant homomeric receptors

Injection of cDNA encoding the neuronal α(7) subunit into Xenopus oocytes yields homomeric receptors showing responses to AcCho that have low affinity, fast desensitization, nonlinear current–voltage (I–V) relation, and sensitivity to α-bungarotoxin (α-BTX) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT), both substances acting as antagonists. Mutation of the Leu-247, located in the channel domain, changes 5HT from an antagonist to an agonist, slows the rate of desensitization, renders the I–V relation linear, and increases the affinity for acetylcholine (AcCho). A study was made of receptors expressed after injecting Xenopus oocytes with mixtures of cDNAs encoding the wild-type α(7) (WT α(7)) and the L247T α(7) mutated nicotinic AcCho receptors (nAcChoRs). The receptors expressed were again blocked by α-bungarotoxin (100 nM) but exhibited both WT α(7) and α(7) mutant functional characteristics. Out of eight different types of hybrid receptors identified, most were inhibited by 5HT (1 mM) and showed low sensitivity to AcCho, like the WT α(7) receptors, but exhibited a slow rate of desensitization and an I–V relation similar to those of α(7) mutant receptors. Together, these findings indicate that the increased nAcChoR affinity and the decreased nAcChoR desensitization after Leu-247 mutation are uncoupled events. We propose that receptor diversity is predicted by permutations of WT α(7) and L247T α(7) subunits in a pentameric symmetrical model and that even partial replacement of Leu-247 with a polar residue within the leucine ring in the channel domain considerably influences the properties of neuronal α(7) nAcChoRs.