Replication Data for: Wealth, Slave Ownership, and Fighting for the Confederacy

This replication package contains code, data, and documentation to replicate the analyses in \"Wealth, Slave Ownership, and Fighting for the Confederacy: An Empirical Study of the American Civil War.\" Abstract: How did personal wealth and slaveownership affect the likelihood southerners fought for the Confederate Army in the American Civil War? On the one hand, wealthy southerners had incentives to free-ride on poorer southerners and avoid fighting; on the other hand, wealthy southerners were disproportionately slaveowners, and thus had more at stake in the outcome of the war. We assemble a dataset on roughly 3.9 million free citizens in the Confederacy, and show that slaveowners were more likely to fight than non-slaveowners. We then exploit a randomized land lottery held in 1832 in Georgia. Households of lottery winners owned more slaves in 1850 and were more likely to have sons who fought in the Confederate Army. We conclude that slaveownership, in contrast to some other kinds of wealth, compelled southerners to fight despite free-rider incentives because it raised their stakes in the war's outcome.本复现套件包含代码、数据集与文档，可用于复现《财富、奴隶制持有与邦联参战：美国内战的一项实证研究》中的各项分析。摘要：个人财富与奴隶制持有状况，如何影响美国内战时期南方民众参与邦联军的概率？一方面，富裕南方民众有搭便车于较贫困南方民众、规避参战的动机；另一方面，富裕群体中奴隶主占比偏高，因此他们在战争结局中的利害关系更为重大。我们构建了涵盖邦联境内约390万自由公民的数据集，研究结果显示奴隶主相较于非奴隶主，参战概率更高。随后我们利用佐治亚州1832年举办的随机土地抽签实验，抽签获胜家庭在1850年时拥有更多奴隶，且其儿子参与邦联军的概率更高。我们最终得出结论：与其他类型的财富不同，尽管存在搭便车动机，奴隶制持有仍迫使南方民众参战，因为它提升了这些民众在战争结局中的利害关联。