Data from: A general description of additive and non-additive elements of sperm competitiveness and their relation to male fertilization success

A complete understanding of male reproductive success, and thus sexual selection, often requires an insight into male success in sperm competition. Genuine conclusions on male sperm competitiveness can only be made in real competitive situations. However, statistical analyses of sperm competitiveness from fertilization success data have been shown to be problematic. Here, I first outline a comprehensive general description of the different additive and non-additive elements relevant for the outcome of sperm competition staged between two males. Based on this description, I will highlight two main problems that are frequently encountered in experiments aiming at estimating sperm competitiveness. First, I focus on potential problems when using standardized competitors vs. random mating trials, because trials with standardized competitors do not allow generalization if male-male interactions are important. Second, I illustrate the necessity to analyse data on the logit scale rather than on raw proportions, because only the logit scale allows a clean separation of additive and non-additive effects (i.e. male×male- and female×male interactions).要全面理解雄性繁殖成功率（male reproductive success），进而阐释性选择（sexual selection）的作用机制，通常需要深入洞悉雄性在精子竞争（sperm competition）中的表现。唯有在真实的竞争情境下，才能得出关于雄性精子竞争力的可靠结论。然而，现有研究表明，基于受精成功率（fertilization success）数据开展的精子竞争力统计分析存在诸多局限。本文首先全面梳理了与两雄间人工设置的精子竞争结果相关的各类加性与非加性要素。基于上述梳理，本文将重点剖析当前用于估算精子竞争力的实验中常见的两大核心问题：其一，探讨使用标准化竞争者与随机交配试验时的潜在缺陷——若雄雄交互作用（male×male interactions）具有重要影响，采用标准化竞争者的试验无法实现研究结论的跨情境推广；其二，阐明采用logit尺度（logit scale）而非原始比例分析数据的必要性，唯有logit尺度能够清晰区分加性与非加性效应，即雄雄交互作用（male×male interactions）与雌雄交互作用（female×male interactions）。