Effect of linseed oil sediment in the diet of pigs on the growth performance and fatty acid profile of meat

ABSTRACT The objective of this investigation was to examine the influence of dietary linseed oil sediment on the growth performance and fatty acid composition in the muscle tissue of pigs. Sixty-eight crossbred Swedish Yorkshire × Norwegian Landrace pigs were allocated to two trials with two different levels of linseed oil sediment. Twenty-four pigs in Trial 1 were allotted into control 1 and experimental 1, of 12 animals each, and forty-four pigs in Trial 2 were allotted into control 2 and experimental 2, of 22 animals each. In both treatments, control and experimental groups were formed by animals analogous by origin, gender, weight, and condition score. Control pigs were fed identical diets ad libitum in both trials. The treated pigs were fed the same diet as control pigs, but vegetable oil was replaced by linseed oil sediment at a rate of 25 g kg−1 (experimental group 1) in Trial 1 and 50 g kg−1 (experimental group 2) in Trial 2. The results indicated that in both trials, vegetable oil replacement for linseed oil sediment had no significant influence on the growth rate of pigs, though a tendency was observed for a more rapid daily gain. Addition of linseed oil sediment to the diets increased the content of n-3 α-linolenic (C18:3n-3), eicosatrienoic (C20:3n-3), and eicosapentaenoic (C20:5n-3) acids and total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and decreased the C18:2n-6/C18:3n-3 and n-6:n-3 ratios and the thrombogenic index of meat. Moreover, the addition of 50 g kg−1 linseed oil sediment resulted in higher content of docosapentaenoic (C22:5n-3) fatty acid, total PUFA, and PUFA:SFA ratio. Supplementation of pig diets with linseed oil sediment increases the content of α-linolenic, eicosatrienoic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosapentaenoic fatty acids and total content of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and have a positive effect by improving the polyunsaturated fatty acids:saturated fatty acids and n-6:n-3 fatty acid ratios in meat.

摘要：本研究旨在探究饲用亚麻籽油渣对猪生长性能及肌肉组织脂肪酸组成的影响。本研究选用68头瑞典约克夏×挪威兰德瑞斯杂交育肥猪，分为两个试验，各设置不同添加水平的亚麻籽油渣处理组。试验1共24头猪，分为对照组1与试验组1，每组各12头；试验2共44头猪，分为对照组2与试验组2，每组各22头。两个试验中，对照组与试验组的试验猪均在血统、性别、初始体重及体况评分上保持一致。两个试验中，对照组猪均自由采食基础日粮。试验组猪的日粮与对照组一致，但以亚麻籽油渣替代部分植物油，试验1中添加量为25 g·kg⁻¹（对应试验组1），试验2中添加量为50 g·kg⁻¹（对应试验组2）。结果显示，两个试验中以亚麻籽油渣替代植物油对猪的生长速率无显著影响，但观察到有日增重提升的趋势。日粮添加亚麻籽油渣可提升猪肉中n-3 α-亚麻酸（n-3 α-linolenic, C18:3n-3）、二十碳三烯酸（eicosatrienoic, C20:3n-3）、二十碳五烯酸（eicosapentaenoic, C20:5n-3）及总n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（polyunsaturated fatty acids, PUFA）的含量，同时降低C18:2n-6/C18:3n-3比值、n-6:n-3比值及肉类血栓形成指数。此外，添加50 g·kg⁻¹亚麻籽油渣可使二十二碳五烯酸（docosapentaenoic, C22:5n-3）、总PUFA含量及PUFA:饱和脂肪酸（saturated fatty acids, SFA）比值进一步提升。综上，在猪日粮中添加亚麻籽油渣可提升α-亚麻酸、二十碳三烯酸、二十碳五烯酸及二十二碳五烯酸的含量与总n-3多不饱和脂肪酸总量，并通过优化猪肉中多不饱和脂肪酸:饱和脂肪酸比值与n-6:n-3脂肪酸比值发挥积极作用。