The participants of the tourism public policy of Para from the multiple streams model 2007-2011

Abstract This paper presents partial results of a research on tourism public policy in the Amazon. The research aims at identifying the active participants in the processes that influenced the formulation of Para state tourism public policy. It used as a theoretical reference the Multiple Streams Model of Kingdon. The empirical evidences were obtained from the document reviews about policies and their decision streams, as much as the semi-structured interviews with a public manager of tourism and the representative of the consulting firm; as well as the analysis of the minutes of the State Tourism Forum where the opinions of other participants in the decision making process are recorded. The results indicate that the alternatives for the development of tourism in this state have been materialized in the Plan “Ver-o-Pará”; that the active participants are also pointed out in it; that the performance of some actors that integrated Multiple Streams Model has not been identified; and that the alternatives depended on the streams of problems, policies and politics. It is concluded that some of the actors listed in the Plan are not part of the Multiple Streams Model and the existence of a distinct factor of this model demonstrated, guidelines and determinations of the Brazilian Ministry of Tourism, which influences the flow of public policies and politics.摘要 本论文呈现了亚马逊地区旅游公共政策研究的阶段性成果。该研究旨在明确影响帕拉州旅游公共政策制定过程的活跃参与主体。本研究以金登多源流模型（Multiple Streams Model）作为理论参考框架。实证证据来源于政策及决策源流相关的文献梳理、对一名旅游公共管理者与一家咨询公司代表的半结构化访谈，以及对州旅游论坛会议纪要的分析——该纪要记录了决策进程中其他参与方的观点。研究结果表明：帕拉州旅游发展的备选方案已在"Ver-o-Pará"计划中得以落地；活跃参与主体也在该计划中被明确列出；部分纳入多源流模型的行动者的行为尚未被识别；且备选方案的形成依赖于问题源流、政策源流与政治源流。本研究最终得出结论：该计划中列出的部分行动者并未纳入多源流模型，且本研究证实了该模型之外存在一项独特影响因素——巴西旅游部（Brazilian Ministry of Tourism）的指导方针与决策，该因素会对公共政策与政治源流产生影响。