Angiogenesis and vasculogenic mimicry (VM) are thought to be the predominant processes ensuring tumor blood supply during the growth and metastasis of glioblastoma (GBM). Celastrol has potential anti-
we found that a proportion of human and murine brain tumor-initiating cells (BTICs) expressed programmed cell death protein (PD-1) in situ and in culture. PD-1 signaling through NF𝜅B promotes BTIC pr