Single-Cell RNA Sequencing in Multiple Pathologic Types of Renal Cell Carcinoma Revealed Novel Potential Tumor-Specific Markers

We provide a comprehensive, single-cell resolution, multiple pathologic transcriptome map of renal cell carcinoma (RCC).A total of 4 tumor samples and 1 normal kidney sample from four patients with renal cell carcinoma participated in this study.We present 30,263 cells (pRCC=10,132, ccRCC=12,915,chRCC=7,216,normal=585) after strictly quality control.scRNA-seq analysis revealed tumor heterogeneity at the single-cell level between different pathological types or between different cell types of the same pathological type. Meanwhile, we discovered a number of novel tumor markers of RCC which will offer potential value in diagnosing this disease. In addition, we identified some new cell types by scRNA-seq, such as proliferative TAM, proliferative fibroblast and novel endothelial cells. The comparative analysis between normal kidney and RCC had enhanced our understanding of tumor-immune microenvironment. Taken together, our data has greatly enriched the single-cell transcriptomic information for RCC, which will provide new insights into the diagnosis and treatment of RCC. Overall design: Five samples (2 clear cell renal cell carcinoma samples,1 papillary renal cell carcinoma sample,1 chromophobe renal cell carcinoma sample and 1 normal kidney sample) from 4 patients were used for single cell RNA sequencing by 10X Genomics.