Transcriptional profiles of inguinal fat of HIV-infected and healthy control patients.

Although the survival rate for patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has dramatically improved due to recent advancements in antiretroviral therapy, the mechanism of pathogenesis of HIV-associated lipodystrophy remains poorly understood. To elucidate the pathophysiological mechanism of disease, we analyzed gene expression profiles of inguinal adipose tissues from HIV-infected and healthy conrol patients. Genetic analysis revealed that fat tissue from patients with HIV typically had increased immune activation, mitochondrial toxicity, chronic inflammation, progressive fibrosis and adipocyte dysfunction including insulin resistance, inhibited adipocyte differentiation and accelerated apoptosis. Of note, triglyceride synthesis and lipolysis were inhibited in adipose tissue from patients with HIV. cDNA was synthesized from total RNA isolated from inguinal adipose tissues of two HIV-infected patients and two healthy control patients and hybridized on Agilent SurePrint G3 Human GE 8 × 60k Microarray Ver3.0.