Olonia rubicunda

Olonia rubicunda (Walker, 1851) Figs 6A, 25 Eurybrachys rubicunda Walker, 1851: 391 (described). Olonia rubicunda – Stål 1862: 488 (transferred to Olonia). — Distant 1906: 206 (type-species of Olonia). — Metcalf 1956: 65 (catalogued). — Constant 2018: 69 (description), figs 3 (distribution map), 44 (type illustrated). — Constant & Semeraro 2020: 6 (keyed), 7 (redescribed, compared with O. picea, biology), figs 1–7 (male, female, male terminalia, host plants, habitat, distribution map). Eurybrachys rubicunda – Kirkaldy 1906: 445 (listed as belonging to Olonia). non Olonia rubicunda – Jacobi 1928: 4 ((re)described from Kimberley district (erroneous, based on misidentified specimens!)). — Lallemand 1935: 675 (mentioned from Northern Territory (erroneous, based on misidentified specimens!)). Diagnosis The species can be recognized by the following combination of characters: (1) disc of hind wings without orange marking but sometimes with a yellow-brown marking on disc (Constant & Semeraro 2020: figs 1e, 2e); (2) pro- and mesofemora and tibiae largely black-brown (Constant & Semeraro 2020: figs 1a–d, 2a–d); (3) anal tube of male obovate, narrowing at basal ⅓ (Constant & Semeraro 2020: fig. 3e); (4) centroventral part of gonostyli with strong, elongate process curved lateroventrally and pointed apically (Constant & Semeraro 2020: fig. 3a–b); (5) laterodorsal part of gonostyli strongly bifid, with processes in a nearly horizontal plane, and projecting posteroventrally under the centroventral part in lateral view (Constant & Semeraro 2020: fig. 3a–b); (6) medium size: 6.1–9.3 mm. Material examined AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀, 2 nymphs; Macrossan Park Camping Area; 20°0′06″ S, 146°26′20″ E; 19–20 Apr. 2022; elev. 250 m; J. Constant and L. Semeraro leg.; Leopold III Funds exped.; on Indigofera australis (Fabaceae); QM • 2 ♂♂, 2 nymphs; same data as preceding; RBINS • 1 ♂; Dalrymple N.P.; 19°48′30″ S, 146°05′25″ E; 20–21 Apr 2022; elev. 300 m; J. Constant and L. Semeraro leg.; Leopold III Funds exped.; on Crotalaria novae-hollandiae (Fabaceae); QM. Distribution and biology Olonia rubicunda was known from several coastal localities in the southern half of Queensland, where host plants were recorded in the families Convolvulaceae (Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R.Br.), Fabaceae (Canavalia rosea (Sw.) DC., Canavalia sericea A.Gray, Clitoria ternatea L.) and possibly Euphorbiaceae Juss. (Euphorbia heterophylla var. cyathophora (Murray)) and Lamiaceae Martinov (Vitex trifolia L.) (Constant & Semeraro 2020). The species distribution is here expanded inland to the west of the Great Dividing Range, and to the north to Dalrymple National Park (Fig. 6A). Two additional host plants are recorded in the family Fabaceae: Indigofera australis Willd. and Crotalaria novae-hollandiae DC. (Fig. 25). As adults and nymphs at all stages were found at the end of April, adding to similar records in December and March, it makes it even more likely that adults of the species can be found all year round.Olonia rubicunda (Walker, 1851) 图6A、图25 原学名Eurybrachys rubicunda Walker, 1851: 391（首次正式描述）。——Stål 1862: 488将其转隶Olonia属（Olonia rubicunda）。——Distant 1906: 206将其指定为Olonia属的模式种。——Metcalf 1956: 65将其编入分类名录。——Constant 2018: 69对其进行重新描述，附分布图3、模式标本图44。——Constant & Semeraro 2020: 6提供该种的分类检索表，7对其进行重新描述并与O. picea对比、记述生物学，附图1~7（展示雌雄成虫、雄性外生殖器（terminalia）、寄主植物、生境及分布图）。 原学名Eurybrachys rubicunda ——Kirkaldy 1906: 445记载其隶属于Olonia属。 误定类群：非Olonia rubicunda ——Jacobi 1928: 4（基于西澳大利亚金伯利地区的标本（实为错误鉴定的标本）进行（重新）描述）。——Lallemand 1935: 675记载其分布于北领地（基于错误鉴定的标本）。 诊断特征 本种可通过以下特征组合进行识别： 1. 后翅盘区无橙色斑纹，但盘区有时具黄褐色斑（Constant & Semeraro 2020：图1e、2e）； 2. 前足、中足的腿节和胫节大部呈黑褐色（Constant & Semeraro 2020：图1a~d、2a~d）； 3. 雄性肛管（anal tube）呈倒卵形，基部1/3处收窄（Constant & Semeraro 2020：图3e）； 4. 生殖基节（gonostyli）的腹中域具粗壮细长的突起，向侧腹方向弯曲，顶端尖锐（Constant & Semeraro 2020：图3a~b）； 5. 生殖基节的侧背域强烈二裂，突起大致呈水平方向，侧面观时突向腹中域的后下方（Constant & Semeraro 2020：图3a~b）； 6. 体型中等：体长6.1~9.3 mm。 检视标本 澳大利亚 —— 昆士兰州 • 3头雄虫、1头雌虫、2头若虫；Macrossan Park露营地；南纬20°0′06″，东经146°26′20″；2022年4月19~20日；海拔250米；由J. Constant与L. Semeraro采集；利奥波德三世基金科考项目；寄主为南方木蓝（Indigofera australis Willd.，豆科Fabaceae）；馆藏于昆士兰博物馆（QM） • 2头雄虫、2头若虫；采集信息同上；馆藏于比利时皇家自然科学研究所（RBINS） • 1头雄虫；Dalrymple国家公园；南纬19°48′30″，东经146°05′25″；2022年4月20~21日；海拔300米；由J. Constant与L. Semeraro采集；利奥波德三世基金科考项目；寄主为澳洲猪屎豆（Crotalaria novae-hollandiae DC.，豆科Fabaceae）；馆藏于昆士兰博物馆（QM） 分布与生物学 Olonia rubicunda此前仅记录于昆士兰州南部的多个沿海生境，其寄主植物记载于旋花科（Convolvulaceae）的马鞍藤（Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R.Br.）、豆科（Fabaceae）的海刀豆（Canavalia rosea (Sw.) DC.）、绢毛刀豆（Canavalia sericea A.Gray）、蝶豆（Clitoria ternatea L.），以及可能的大戟科（Euphorbiaceae Juss.）的一品红变种（Euphorbia heterophylla var. cyathophora (Murray)）和唇形科（Lamiaceae Martinov）的黄荆（Vitex trifolia L.）（Constant & Semeraro 2020）。本次研究将该种的分布范围扩展至大分水岭以西的内陆区域，并向北延伸至Dalrymple国家公园（图6A）。本次研究新增2种豆科寄主植物：南方木蓝（Indigofera australis Willd.）与澳洲猪屎豆（Crotalaria novae-hollandiae DC.）（图25）。本次调查于4月末采获各虫态的成虫与若虫，结合此前12月、3月的同类采集记录，提示该种成虫可能全年均可被发现。