Estimation of mean performance and heterosis in cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) based hybrids in cabbage

Abstract The successful transfer of R-cytoplasm (Ogura)-induced cytoplasmic male sterility has aroused great interest in the development of hybrids in cabbage. An experiment was conducted from 2018 to 2020 to study the per se performance and estimate heterosis in cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L.), This crop is highly cross-pollinated; thus, exploitation of heterosis is an additional advantage. The experimental material consisted of an F1 population of 18 crosses, resulting from three lines (CMS) crossed with six testers in a Line × Tester design, plus a standard check (Pusa Cabbage Hybrid-1). The per se performance and estimates of heterosis of the cross combinations L1 × T2, L2 × T2, L2 × T5, L3 × T2 and L3 × T5 were high for various horticultural parameters. Hence, after multilocation testing, these parents and crosses can be released to substitute existing cabbage varieties/hybrids.

摘要 由R细胞质（Ogura型）诱导的细胞质雄性不育（cytoplasmic male sterility, CMS）的成功转育，引发了学界对结球甘蓝（Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L.）杂种优势育种的极大兴趣。本试验于2018—2020年间开展，旨在探究结球甘蓝的自身表现并估算其杂种优势。该作物为高度异花授粉作物，因此杂种优势的利用具备额外优势。试验材料包含由3个不育系（CMS）与6个测验系按系×测验种（Line × Tester）设计配制的18个杂交组合构成的F1群体，另设标准对照品种“普萨甘蓝杂交1号（Pusa Cabbage Hybrid-1）”。组合L1×T2、L2×T2、L2×T5、L3×T2及L3×T5的自身表现及杂种优势估算值在多项园艺性状上均表现优异。因此，经多地点试验验证后，这些亲本及杂交组合可用于替代现有结球甘蓝品种/杂交种。